Introduction

Freeman, Stephen A.

doi:10.1111/j.1540-4781.1966.tb01845.x

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…The "Guidelines" consisted of a set of recommendations, developed jointly by the MLA and the National Association of State Directors of Teacher Education and Certification with the support of the Carnegie Corporation. In his introduction to the issue, Freeman (1966) named two insights that led to the development of the "Guidelines": "that the competence of a teacher cannot be measured by earned credit hours"; and "that close cooperation between language teachers associations, the institutions that train teachers, and the state or national certifying agencies and commissions was absolutely essential for the solving of fundamental problems of teacher preparation and certification" (p. 326).…”

Section: The National Defense Education Act and Its Impact On Teachermentioning

confidence: 99%

Foreign Language Teacher Development: MLJ Perspectives—1916–1999

Schulz

2000

The Modern Language Journal

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The preparation of U.S. foreign language (FL) teachers has been a frequently discussed topic during the past century. As the oldest, continuously published American journal devoted to FL learning and teaching, the MLJ provides an overview of the many issues pertinent to FL teacher education that the profession has grappled with. This historical review traces discussions and developments in teacher preparation and certification since the MLJ 's inception in 1916. In three sections, each covering a quarter century of the Journal 's publications, the article describes the most relevant discussions and events that have helped shape FL teacher education in the United States. Although many efforts —and doubtlessly many advances —have been made to assure a supply of qualified FL teachers for the nation 's schools, many of the problems discussed more than 80 years ago still remain unsolved. The author hopes that a critical look at the past will help the profession to focus on those proposals that are finding emerging consensus and to prioritize those needs and activities that help effect meaningful change in improving the qualifications of FL teachers.

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Section: The National Defense Education Act and Its Impact On Teachermentioning

confidence: 99%

Foreign Language Teacher Development: MLJ Perspectives—1916–1999

Schulz

2000

The Modern Language Journal

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“…of chloroform/methanol (2: 1, v/v) and washed by the method of Folch et al (1957) before the separation of lipid classes by t.l.c. (Freeman & West, 1966). Phospholipids were eluted from the origin with chloroform/methanol/20M-NH3 (200:100:3, by vol.)…”

Section: Measurement Offatty Acid Synthesis In Intact Ratsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fatty acid synthesis in the perfused liver of adrenalectomized rats

Kirk¹,

Verrinder²,

Hems³

1976

Biochemical Journal

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1. Fatty acid synthesis, measured in the perfused liver of fed adrenalectomized rats with 3H2O and 14C-labelled precursors, was less than in control sham-operated rats. 2. This defect was more extensive for synthesis of fatty acids incorporated into triacylglycerols than into phospholipids. 3. There was impairment in desaturation and export of newly synthesized fatty acid. 4. Fatty acid synthesis and desaturation were restored to normal rates 5h after treatment with cortisol in vivo. 5. Fatty acid synthesis was seasonally variable, being highest in the winter; the impairment after adrenalectomy was observed in all seasons. 6. In perfusions with oleate (0.7 mM), no further impairment in fatty acid synthesis was discerned in livers from adrenalectomized rats, in which the rate resembled that in control livers. 7. No defect in the incorporation of oleate into glycerides was discerned in livers from adrenalectomized rats. 8. Cortisol exerted no stimulatory effect on fatty acid synthesis when added to perfusion media. 9. The impairment in hepatic lipogenesis, demonstrable after adrenalectomy, shows that adrenal glucocorticoids promote hepatic capacity for fatty acid synthesis de novo, at least in intact non-diabetic rats. It is suggested that this effect is mediated by insulin, perhaps through direct action on the liver.

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“…Thomas Jefferson is credited with beginning the systematic collection of Native American languages during a time when he served simultaneously as the President of the US (1801-1809) and the American Philosophical Society (1797-1814). Peter Stephen Du Ponceau, an accomplished linguist who served as APS President from 1827-1844, built upon Jefferson's vision and played a vital role in making the APS into one of the leading institutions in the country for the study of Native American languages (Freeman and Smith 1966). As the noted historian of anthropology Regna Darnell has observed, prior to the professionalization of the field at the turn of the twentieth century, the APS was "the central institution for the collection of data about the American Indian" (1998, 11).…”

Section: Decolonizing the Archivementioning

confidence: 99%

Digital Knowledge Sharing: Forging Partnerships between Scholars, Archives, and Indigenous Communities

Powell

2016

MAR

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The article reviews a digital repatriation project carried out by the Center for Native American and Indigenous Research at the American Philosophical Society over the course of eight years (2008-present). The project focused on building digital archives in four indigenous communities: Eastern Band of Cherokee Indians, Penobscot Nation, Tuscarora Nation, and Ojibwe communities in both the United States and Canada. The article features insights from traditional knowledge keepers who helped to create a new system of co-stewarding the APS’ indigenous archival materials and recounts how the APS established protocols for cultural sensitivity. A new model of community-based scholarship is proposed to create a more equal and respectful relationship between indigenous communities, scholars, and archives.

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Introduction

Cited by 5 publications

References 0 publications

Foreign Language Teacher Development: MLJ Perspectives—1916–1999

Foreign Language Teacher Development: MLJ Perspectives—1916–1999

Fatty acid synthesis in the perfused liver of adrenalectomized rats

Digital Knowledge Sharing: Forging Partnerships between Scholars, Archives, and Indigenous Communities

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