“…This paper subdivided them into four categories according to Arts et al (2012), namely the characteristics of governance mechanism, the decision‐making culture, the course of EIA procedurals, and the characteristics of actors. To evaluate the effectiveness of governance mechanism, scholars examine the political agendas of each context (De Montis et al, 2014; Tokarczyk‐Dorociak et al, 2019), the compulsion of SEA (Runhaar et al, 2019), the existence of training and guidance (Therivel & González, 2019), the independence of consultant agencies (van Doren et al, 2012), and the accountability of stakeholders during the SEA process (Acharibasam & Noble, 2014; Fundingsland Tetlow & Hanusch, 2012). For the decision‐making culture, researchers discuss if the responsibility for SEA is assigned to proponents (Runhaar et al, 2019), the transparency of SEA procedure (Acharibasam & Noble, 2014; Chanchitpricha et al, 2019; Hanna & Noble, 2015), and the communication between stakeholders (De Montis et al, 2014; Lyhne et al, 2017).…”