Introducing Nanozymes: New Horizons in Periodontal and Dental Implant Care

Abstract

The prevalence of periodontal and peri-implant diseases has been increasing worldwide and has gained a lot of attention. As multifunctional nanomaterials with enzyme-like activity, nanozymes have earned a place in the biomedical field. In periodontics and implantology, nanozymes have contributed greatly to research on maintaining periodontal health and improving implant success rates. To highlight this progress, we review nanozymes for antimicrobial therapy, anti-inflammatory therapy, tissue regeneration promotion, and synergistic effects in periodontal and peri-implant diseases. The future prospects of nanozymes in periodontology and implantology are also discussed along with challenges.

A Glutathione Peroxidase‐Mimicking Nanozyme Precisely Alleviates Reactive Oxygen Species and Promotes Periodontal Bone Regeneration

“…[ 8 ] Despite the earlier success, nanozymes are still in their infancy in treating periodontitis. For example, most of the current research uses CeO 2 nanozymes, [ 9 ] which have multiple enzyme‐mimicking activities, and this broad‐spectrum removal of multiple ROS plays into the challenges of treating periodontitis. In redox medicine, ROS in the physiological state are considered as important signaling molecules to maintain basic aspects of cell growth, differentiation, and metabolism, and broad‐spectrum elimination of ROS is likely to result in excessive elimination of ROS and cause side effects.…”

Bovine Serum Albumin-Coated Ceria Nanoparticles Activate the TGF-β Signaling Pathway for Periodontal Bone Regeneration

“…22,23 CeO 2 NPs have been shown to alleviate periodontal inflammation via reactive oxygen species (ROS)-related pathways. 24 Meanwhile, CeO 2 NPs can regulate growth and differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells and are used in bone tissue engineering. 25,26 However, their effects on the osteogenic mechanisms of hPDLCs have not been explored.…”

“…Thus, many nanomaterials, such as nanohydroxyapatite (nHA), gold nanoparticles (Au NPs), and cerium oxide nanoparticles (CeO 2 NPs), could play a key role in bone tissue engineering by regulating stem cell proliferation and differentiation. Among them, CeO 2 NPs have good biological properties such as anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and angiogenic, and were confirmed to possess potential to promote healing in different tissues. , Therefore, it has been applied in the treatment of depression and renal ischemia-reperfusion injury. , CeO 2 NPs have been shown to alleviate periodontal inflammation via reactive oxygen species (ROS)-related pathways . Meanwhile, CeO 2 NPs can regulate growth and differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells and are used in bone tissue engineering. , However, their effects on the osteogenic mechanisms of hPDLCs have not been explored.…”

Layer-by-Layer Assembly of CeO2 Nanoparticle/Bovine Serum Albumin Films for Bone Regeneration

“…26 The antioxidative CeO 2 NPs showed strong antiinflammatory and implant repair in periodontal bone tissue. 27 Moreover, a recent study discovered that CeO 2 NPs promoted cell differentiation of precursor osteoblasts by activating the Wnt signaling pathway. 28 Additionally, CeO 2 NPs promoted new bone regeneration and improved endochondral ossification-based bone formation in vivo.…”

“…Furthermore, CeO 2 NP-loaded nanofiber membranes promoted cell proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of human periodontal ligament stem cells (hPDLSCs), and further accelerated new bone formation in rat cranial defect models . The antioxidative CeO 2 NPs showed strong anti-inflammatory and implant repair in periodontal bone tissue . Moreover, a recent study discovered that CeO 2 NPs promoted cell differentiation of precursor osteoblasts by activating the Wnt signaling pathway .…”