Introducing a transferable fishing day management regime for Pacific Island countries

Shanks, Steven

doi:10.1016/j.marpol.2010.02.005

Cited by 13 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…In 2010, PNA members signed the Koror declaration underlined by the PNA Implementation Arrangements, which confirmed support for a range of far reaching fisheries management measures. These were: the purse seine Vessel Day Scheme (VDS), which allocates days to member countries who then distribute them to distant water fishing nations (DWFNs) based on their licencing agreements; high seas pocket closures as part of EEZ licensing arrangements (see Figure 2); establishment of Minimum Terms and Conditions for foreign vessels; seasonal closures for the use of fish aggregating devices (FADs) (Palau Arrangement 1992); catch retention measures; and a regional observer programme for purse seine vessels (Shanks 2010;Havice 2013). The PNA also created an independent secretariat to administer control over the Implementation Arrangements, most notably the purse seine VDS, and the MSC certification of the free-school (non-FAD) skipjack fishery that was obtained in 2011.…”

Section: Regionalism In the Wcpomentioning

confidence: 99%

Sub-regionalisation of fisheries governance: the case of the Western and Central Pacific Ocean tuna fisheries

2014

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Shifting political alliances and new environmental challenges are prompting debate over processes of sub-regionalisation and whether the interplay between multiple scales of governance leads to positive synergistic outcomes or negative institutional disruption. Regional management of tuna fisheries in the Western and Central Pacific Ocean is an example where a web of treaties, conventions and institutional frameworks underlie international cooperation. Through examining the interplay between the regional Western and Central Pacific Fisheries Commission and sub-regional Parties to the Nauru Agreement, this paper explores the extent to which the PNA and WCPFC interact in the management of regional tuna fisheries. The results demonstrate that for contested marine resources such as fisheries, international sub-regions can go beyond functional units to also present wider opportunities to shift power relations in favour of small island states. Additionally, the presence of sub-regional groups like the PNA has served to challenge the performance of the WCPFC, stimulating greater debate and progress within the regional body. The paper concludes that the combined work of the PNA and the WCPFC puts them ahead on many issues and may represent a testing ground for a functional multilateralism utilising both regional and sub-regional governance platforms for the management of shared resources.

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Section: Regionalism In the Wcpomentioning

confidence: 99%

Sub-regionalisation of fisheries governance: the case of the Western and Central Pacific Ocean tuna fisheries

2014

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“…WCPO tuna fisheries are managed at a number of levels: The Western and Central Pacific Fisheries Commission (WCPFC) acts as the Regional Fisheries Management Organisation (RFMO); countries with mutual interests, such as the Parties to the Nauru Agreement (PNA) (Figure ), implement collective management arrangements subregionally across their members' jurisdictions; and coastal states implement management regimes within their individual Economic Exclusive Zones (EEZs) (Bell et al ., ). A key subregional management arrangement was initiated in 2007, when the PNA developed a Vessel Day Scheme (VDS) for purse seiners that limits the total number of fishing days (the Total Allowable Effort; TAE) within their EEZs, as a means to control effort and thus catch (Shanks, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…| 809 TII al. management arrangement was initiated in 2007, when the PNA developed a Vessel Day Scheme (VDS) for purse seiners that limits the total number of fishing days (the Total Allowable Effort; TAE) within their EEZs, as a means to control effort and thus catch (Shanks, 2010).…”

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confidence: 99%

Shooting fish in a barrel? Assessing fisher‐driven changes in catchability within tropical tuna purse seine fleets

2017

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With constant innovation to find more efficient ways to find, catch and process fish, catchability in wild fisheries can increase. Catchability is a combination of resource abundance, fishing effort and fishing efficiency: any increase in fleet efficiency can lead to undesirable effects not only on stocks, but also on the ability to assess them. When using effort controls as part of management, it is necessary to adjust for the increase in catchability due to the increases in efficiency over time to avoid stock depletion. Accounting for changes in catchability can be problematic for pelagic stocks, due to the changes in fishing behaviour and the continual change in fishing efficiency. This study investigates the success in finding patches of fish for fleets operating within the western and central Pacific purse seine fishery between 1993 and 2012. Three indices, widely used in ecological research, were used to study how spatial variation in fisher behaviour for sets on fish aggregating devices (FADs) and free‐school sets was related to catchability. For free‐school set types, the diversity index was negatively correlated with Katsuwonus pelamis catchability. When this index was low, catch rates were at their highest and there was a reduction in the area fished. In contrast, for FAD sets, catches increase when the patchiness index was low, implying a degree of random behaviour, potentially due to advances in FAD technology. An improved understanding of the spatial allocation of effort can improve catchability estimates widely used for fisheries stock assessments and in indices of global biodiversity.

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“… 2. For an overview of the vessel day scheme in the WCPO, see Shanks (2010) and Havice (2010).…”

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confidence: 99%

Environmental Policy and Political Realities

Zivin

Damon

2012

The Journal of Environment & Development

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Effective environmental policymaking requires an understanding of how environmental goals interact with other political goals. This article analyzes development strategies in the PICT's, where policymakers aim to leverage tuna resources into sustainable economic development and job creation. The authors develop a model that analyzes costs and benefits of different development strategies, with a focus on job creation and local socioeconomic factors that drive optimal policy mixes across PICTs. The analysis demonstrates that investment in fisheries management can effectively encourage economic development and create employment opportunities, and compare this strategy to others such as selling access permits and investing in processing capacity. While many benefits of fisheries management are widely recognized, its ability to create high-quality employment opportunities is often overlooked. For many PICTs, this may represent the lowest cost strategy for jobs creation and, coupled with selling fishery access to foreign vessels, can form a strong basis for economic development plans.

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Introducing a transferable fishing day management regime for Pacific Island countries

Cited by 13 publications

References 20 publications

Sub-regionalisation of fisheries governance: the case of the Western and Central Pacific Ocean tuna fisheries

Sub-regionalisation of fisheries governance: the case of the Western and Central Pacific Ocean tuna fisheries

Shooting fish in a barrel? Assessing fisher‐driven changes in catchability within tropical tuna purse seine fleets

Environmental Policy and Political Realities

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