Introducing a new tool for greenhouse gas calculation tailored for cropland: rationale, operational framework and potential application

Waßmann, Reiner; Pasco, Richard; Zerrudo, J.; Ngo, Duc Minh; Vo, Thi Bach Thuong; Sander, Björn Ole

doi:10.1080/17583004.2018.1553436

Cited by 18 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Data can underpin explorative analyses of other possible adaptation options. Data allow for TIER 2 GHG emission estimates Single published application; model analyses, can be in spreadsheet form FS: Production and income oriented quantification; Ad: limited scope for ex-ante explorations of adaptation; data could underpin such analyses by other tools; Mit: TIER 2 GHG emission calculations for a given system SECTOR (Wassmann et al, 2019) SECTOR (Source-selective and Emission-adjusted GHG CalculaTOR for Cropland) is a GHG calculator based on the IPCC Tier 2 approach for rice as well as other crops. SECTOR allows for high flexibility in terms of entering newly obtained emission factors, easy data transfer from crop statistics for entering activity data and detailed specifications of GHG scenarios Single published application up to now; model analyses, can be in spreadsheet form FS: Crop production is quantified, but no focus on the sustainability of this production; Ad: adaptation options can be evaluated by entering activity data; risk can be taken on board to a certain extent; Mit: state-of-the-art GHG emission quantification Ofoot (Carlson B. R. et al, 2017) Ofoot estimates the carbon footprint of organic farms located in the Pacific Northwest and to help evaluate the potential for environmental benefits.…”

Section: The Current State Of Climate Smart Agricultural Assessment Fmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improving Assessments of the Three Pillars of Climate Smart Agriculture: Current Achievements and Ideas for the Future

Wijk

Merbold

Hammond

et al. 2020

Front. Sustain. Food Syst.

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In this study we evaluate Climate Smart Agriculture (CSA) assessment tools with regard to their suitability for covering not only biophysical but also socioeconomic aspects of CSA, focusing on smallholder household level in Low and Middle Income Countries (LMIC). In this opinion piece we give a concise overview of the most recent developments in measuring key indicators and metrics for the three pillars of CSA (food security, adaptation, and mitigation) and give our opinion on how we think this would allow for improvements in the current state of assessing CSA in a smallholder farming context. Our assessment shows that all tools reviewed here have a biophysical lens while looking at productivity, and largely ignore potential social (e.g., food security, gender) and economic (poverty) aspects of the sustainability of intensified production. Mitigation was also analyzed in all approaches but few tools go beyond greenhouse gas emissions to analyse environmental sustainability (for example water quality, soil health, ecosystem services) more generically. Climate change adaptation was the CSA pillar with the weakest representation within the approaches reviewed here. Based on an overview of recent advantages in work focusing on CSA our key recommendations are (i) to make better use of recent advances in indicator development for sustainability assessments, including work on quantification of water and land footprints in relation to farm management; (ii) to use household level analyses to quantify pathways from productivity toward food security and improved nutrition as well as descripting drivers of adoption of adaptation options; and (iii) to use recent advances in system specific quantification of greenhouse gas emissions through both LMIC focused modeling and empirical work.

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Section: The Current State Of Climate Smart Agricultural Assessment Fmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improving Assessments of the Three Pillars of Climate Smart Agriculture: Current Achievements and Ideas for the Future

Wijk

Merbold

Hammond

et al. 2020

Front. Sustain. Food Syst.

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“…Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) guidelines are applied through GHG calculators during assessment of GHG at national and subnational levels. Such calculators include SECTOR tool (Wassmann et al, 2019;Lai et al, 2021), EXACT tool (Grewer et al, 2013(Grewer et al, , 2016(Grewer et al, , 2018, the Cool Farm Tool (Hillier et al, 2011(Hillier et al, , 2013Vetter et al, 2018).…”

Section: Calculation Of Greenhouse Gas Emissionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this study Source-selective and Emission-adjusted greenhouse gas CalculaTOR for Cropland (SECTOR) was used to calculate the emission of greenhouse gases. SECTOR is a greenhouse gas (GHG) calculator for cropland based on the values calculated from Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Tier 2 approach approved methodology (I. P. O., 2006) and (IPCC, 2019) refinement (Wassmann et al, 2019). SECTOR is guided by Tier 2 requirements and approach as shown in Table 6.…”

Section: Calculation Of Greenhouse Gas Emissionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Greenhouse gas emissions in irrigated paddy rice as influenced by crop management practices and nitrogen fertilization rates in eastern Tanzania

Mboyerwa

Kibret

Mtakwa

et al. 2022

Front. Sustain. Food Syst.

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In rice production greenhouse gas emission (GHG) reduction is an important task for many countries, Tanzania included. Of global agricultural GHG emitted from rice fields, about 30 and 11% are represented by CH4 and N2O, respectively. For successful climate smart rice cultivation, rice management practices, including nitrogen fertilization are two key crucial components that need evaluation. The objective of this study was to evaluate the crop management practices and N fertilization on yield and greenhouse gases emission in paddy rice production, Experiments were designed in split-plot randomized complete block and replicated three times. Two rice management practices namely conventional practice (CP) and system of rice intensification (SRI) and six rates of nitrogen fertilizer (absolute control, 0, 60, 90,120 and 150 kg N ha−1) were applied in two consecutive seasons. The Source-selective and Emission-adjusted GHG CalculaTOR for Cropland (SECTOR) was used to calculate the GHG emission. Methane emission was in the range of 88.7–220.6 kg ha−1season−1, where higher emission was recorded in CP treatments (ABC, CP 0 and CP 120N) compared to SRI treatments. SRI reduced methane and carbon dioxide emission by 59.8% and 20.1% over CP, respectively. Seasonal nitrous oxide emissions was in the range of no detected amount to 0.0002 kgN2O ha−1 where SRI treatments recorded up to 0.0002 kgN2O ha−1 emissions while in CP treatment no amount of N2O was detected. The interaction of system of rice intensification and 90 kg N ha−1 (SRI90N) treatment recorded higher grains yield (8.1, 7.7 t ha−1) with low seasonal global warming potential (GWP) (3,478 and 3,517 kg CO2e ha−1) and low greenhouse gas intensity (0.42, 0.45 kg CO2e per kg paddy) compared to other treatments in wet and dry season, respectively. Therefore, SRI with 90 kg N was the treatment with mitigation potential and reduced GWP without compromising rice yield.

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“…Additionally regional and seasonal water shortages caused by drought and future climate change scenarios will make water shortage more severe in the region and threaten rice production [9,10]. Although globally, the production of rice contributes only 1.5% of the overall anthropogenic greenhouse gas (GHG), this portion is considerably greater in rice-producing nations [11]. A substantial quantity of greenhouse gas (GHG) is released into the environment with current practices of rice production that consume vast amounts of water [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Water-Saving Irrigation on Direct-Seeding Rice Yield and Greenhouse Gas Emissions in North China

et al. 2022

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Rice cultivation consumes more than half of the planet’s 70% freshwater supply used in agricultural production. Competing water uses and climate change globally are putting more pressure on the limited water resources. Therefore, water-saving irrigation (WSI) is recommended for rice production in water scares areas. The impact of WSI techniques on direct-seeding rice production and greenhouse gas emissions in North China is becoming increasingly important in the era of climate change. Therefore, we conducted a two-year field experiment on directly seeded rice to assess the impact of traditional flooding irrigation (CK) and three water saving irrigation (WSI) methods, including drip irrigation with an irrigation amount of 50 mm (DI1) and 35 mm (DI2) at each watering time and furrow wetting irrigation (FWI), on rice yield and greenhouse emissions. Generally, the WSI techniques decreased the number of rice panicles per m−2, spikelet per panicle, 1000-grain weight and rice yield compared to CK. Rice yield and yield components of (DI1) were significantly higher than (DI2). The adoption of either (DI1) or (FWI) showed insignificant variation in terms of rice yield and its yield components measured except for 1000-grain weight. The water productivity was 88.9, 16.4 and 11.4% higher in the FWI plot than the CK, DI1 and DI2 plots, respectively. The WSI decreased cumulative CH4 emission significantly by 73.0, 84.7 and 64.4% in DI1, DI2 and FWI, respectively, in comparison with CK. The usage of DI2 triggered 1.4 and 2.0-fold more cumulative N2O emission compared to DI1 and FWI, respectively. Area-scaled emission among the water-saving irrigation methods showed no significance. The yield-scaled emission in DI1 and DI2 and FWI were 101, 67.5 and 102%, respectively, significantly lower than CK. The adoption of FWI produced an acceptable rice yield with the lowest yield-scaled emission and highest water productivity among the irrigation practices. Our experiment demonstrates that dry direct-seeding with furrow irrigation can impact triple-wins of sustainable rice yield, high water-use efficiency and low GHG emissions in North China.

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Introducing a new tool for greenhouse gas calculation tailored for cropland: rationale, operational framework and potential application

Cited by 18 publications

References 37 publications

Improving Assessments of the Three Pillars of Climate Smart Agriculture: Current Achievements and Ideas for the Future

Improving Assessments of the Three Pillars of Climate Smart Agriculture: Current Achievements and Ideas for the Future

Greenhouse gas emissions in irrigated paddy rice as influenced by crop management practices and nitrogen fertilization rates in eastern Tanzania

Effects of Water-Saving Irrigation on Direct-Seeding Rice Yield and Greenhouse Gas Emissions in North China

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