Intrinsically flame-retardant polyamide 66 with high flame retardancy and mechanical properties

Zhang, Jingnan; Lian, Siming; He, Yifan; Cao, Xinyu; Shang, Jiaming; Liu, Qingyun; Ye, Gang; Zheng, Kuo; Ma, Yuantai

doi:10.1039/d0ra07822k

Cited by 12 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Figure 5a illustrates the FTIR-ATR spectra of pure PA66 and PA66/Au@Cu 2 O-ZnO composites. The distinctive peaks associated with polyamide can be observed at 3304 cm −1 (N-H), 2934 cm −1 (-CH 2 -), 2860 cm −1 (-CH 2 -), 1629 cm −1 (C=O), and 1540 cm −1 (N-H), which are in good agreement with the reported literature [32]. Notably, the spectra of the PA66/Au@Cu 2 O-ZnO composite closely resemble those of pure PA66.…”

Section: Characterization Of Pa66/au@cu 2 O-zno Compositessupporting

confidence: 91%

“…However, the crystallization peak shifted to higher temperatures initially before decreasing again at a higher heterojunction content. This was due to the introduced heterojunction reducing the structural symmetry and regularity of PA66 molecular chains, hindering the growth of folded macromolecular chains into large crystals and leading to a lowered melting point [ 32 ]. The crystallinity of these samples, calculated and shown in Table 1 , increased initially with the Au@Cu 2 O-ZnO content before decreasing.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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In Situ Polymerization of Antibacterial Modification Polyamide 66 with Au@Cu2O-ZnO Ternary Heterojunction

Li,

Zheng,

Zhao

et al. 2024

Polymers

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In situ polymerization has proven to be an effective route through which to introduce function materials into polyamide materials. In this work, a nano-heterojunction material was evenly dispersed in PA66 via in situ polymerization methods to yield the antimicrobial PA66. The composites showed excellent antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli, with strong mechanical properties. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) showed that metal ions reacted with oxygen-containing functional groups. In addition, the shift of oxygen peaks in XPS spectra confirmed the occurrence of a complexation reaction. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) confirmed the effect of nano-heterojunction, which induced crystallization. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) showed uniform dispersion of heterojunctions in PA66. Tensile testing revealed decreased toughness with higher loadings. The nanocomposite polyamide material has good processing properties which can be processed into thin films, molds, and wires without changing the morphology, and can be widely used in a variety of fields.

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Section: Characterization Of Pa66/au@cu 2 O-zno Compositessupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

In Situ Polymerization of Antibacterial Modification Polyamide 66 with Au@Cu2O-ZnO Ternary Heterojunction

Li,

Zheng,

Zhao

et al. 2024

Polymers

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“…The LOI test is a useful method to evaluate the flame retardants properties due to its good data compatibility and repeatability, and it can be used for preliminary and comparative studies. [26][27][28] According Table 1, the LOI of original FSR foam was 18.0%, which was a flammable substance. With the increase of the EG and APP content, the LOI of the FSR composite foam showed an increasing trend.…”

Section: Analysis Of Flame Retardancy Of Fsr Composite Foammentioning

confidence: 99%

Lightweight and flame retardant fluorosilicone rubber composited foam prepared by supercritical nitrogen

Song

Li-juan

et al. 2023

Vinyl Additive Technology

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Improving the flame retardancy and lightweight of fluorosilicone rubber (FSR) foam is important for its application in aerospace, rail transportation, petrochemical equipment, etc. In this work, ammonium polyphosphate (APP) and expandable graphite (EG) were used as synergistic flame retardants, and the lightweight FSR composite foam with flame retardancy was prepared by supercritical N2 foaming. When there were 12.5 phr APP and 7.5 phr EG, the composite foam with density of 0.254 g/cm3 showed superiority in foaming performance and flame retardancy, and the limit oxygen index was 36.4%, the UL‐94 grade reached V‐0, the ignition time was 12 s and the fire performance index was 0.071 s·m2/kW. In addition, the aging, oil and solvent resistance of FSR foam was not affected. This work provided data support for the production and application of the flame retardant FSR foam.

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“…The vertical burning tests (UL 94) were carried out by a CZF-5A-type instrument (Jiangning Analysis Instrument Company, China) according to ASTM D3801. The dimension of the samples was (130 Â 13 Â 3.2) mm 3 .…”

Section: Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Biobased polyamide 56 (PA56) is a thermoplastic material used in many fields, including transportation, electronics, appliances, packaging, and aerospace applications due to its prominent properties such as great tensile strength, excellent thermostability, easy processing, and environmental friendliness. [ 1–6 ] PA56 is derived from pentamethylene diamine, which can be prepared by starch fermentation. Compared with traditional polyamide, the expansion in PA56 application reduces the dependence on petroleum resources.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synergistic effect of graphitic carbon nitride and ammonium polyphosphate on the enhanced flame retardant and smoke suppression properties of biobased polyamide 56

Zhang

Zhao

Wang

et al. 2022

Vinyl Additive Technology

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Seeking a facile strategy to synthesize efficient and inexpensive flame retardant which endows biobased polyamide 56 (PA56) with desirable flame retardancy is an urgent need. Here, ammonium polyphosphate (APP) was modified with graphitic carbon nitride (g-C 3 N 4 ) to synthesize a nitrogen-phosphorus flame retardant (CN@APP) and then applied in biobased PA56. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectra demonstrated that APP was successfully microencapsulated with g-C 3 N 4 . The micromorphology structure was further characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). PA56/CN@APP attained a UL 94 V-0 rating and limiting oxygen index (LOI) value of 31.7%. A sharp reduction of 35.3% in peak heat release rate (pHRR) and 24.0% in total heat release (THR) and an 874% increase in char yield were noticed for PA56/CN@APP2 compared with pure PA56. Additionally, the peak smoke production rate (pSPR) and total smoke production (TSP) of PA56/CN@APP2 were 33.0% and 21.8% lower than those of pure PA56. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and Raman spectroscopy were employed to analyze the condensed phase residues from the cone calorimeter test (CCT). The results indicated that CN@APP was beneficial for forming a more stable and compact carbon layer during combustion, thereby insulating the heat transfer and improving the flame retardancy and smoke suppression of PA56.

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Intrinsically flame-retardant polyamide 66 with high flame retardancy and mechanical properties

Abstract: The key factor in the synthesis of intrinsic flame retardant polymers is the thermal stability and reactivity of phosphorus-based flame retardants.

Cited by 12 publications

References 27 publications

In Situ Polymerization of Antibacterial Modification Polyamide 66 with Au@Cu2O-ZnO Ternary Heterojunction

In Situ Polymerization of Antibacterial Modification Polyamide 66 with Au@Cu2O-ZnO Ternary Heterojunction

Lightweight and flame retardant fluorosilicone rubber composited foam prepared by supercritical nitrogen

Synergistic effect of graphitic carbon nitride and ammonium polyphosphate on the enhanced flame retardant and smoke suppression properties of biobased polyamide 56

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