Intrinsic Heat Treatment Within Additive Manufacturing of Gamma Titanium Aluminide Space Hardware

Seidel, André; Saha, S.; Maiwald, Tim; Moritz, Juliane; Polenz, S.; Marquardt, Axel; Kaspar, Jörg; Finaske, Thomas; López, Elena; Brueckner, Frank; Leyens, Christoph

doi:10.1007/s11837-019-03382-2

Cited by 25 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…It has also been recognised that alternating microstructures of α 2 +γ lamellar leads to better resistance to creep in comparison to the equiaxed microstructures [ 54 , 74 ]. This is related to the strong anisotropy of lath structures and large grain sizes, thus, high brittle-ductile-transition-temperature (BDTT) [ 74 , 81 ]. Likewise, an increase in α 2 -phase and structural refinements is known to cause strengthening effects in the dual-phase α 2 +γ TiAl intermetallic alloys [ 50 , 74 ].…”

Section: Effects Of Alloying Elements On Tial-based Alloysmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Doping of Ti–Al binary system with Mo promote a rise in ionic or covalent bonds resulting in improved elasticity modulus and strength [ 98 ]. Based on the observations from literature [ 12 , 24 , 81 , 99 ], Nb addition in TiAl-based alloys still retains substantial quantities of Nb in other phases even with the initiation of the β 0 -phases that are quite stable at ambient temperatures. However, Mo still favours the formation of more β 0 -phase but behaves differently by creating strong partitioning between phases.…”

Section: Effects Of Alloying Elements On Tial-based Alloysmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The intermetallic Ti–Al ordered system is still a topic of extensive study because of its inherent applications for structural materials operating at elevated temperatures [ 6 , 23 , 47 , 53 , 54 , 60 , 69 , 79 , 80 , 81 , 82 , 83 , 84 , 85 , 86 ]. The successful integration of TiAl-based alloys parts into aircraft engines is predicted to tremendously decrease greenhouse gas emission and fuel consumption [ 5 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, titanium aluminide has found application in making seal supports, cases and frames of aircraft engines where clearances are crucial [ 54 ]. Also, it is applied in turbocharger wheels and turbine blades of automobile and aero engines respectively [ 5 , 7 , 21 , 43 , 50 , 58 , 73 , 79 , 80 , 81 , 87 , 88 , 90 , 91 ]. Considerable decrease in fuel consumption and greenhouse gases have been achieved due to the lightweight of rotating components.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently, TiAl has become a well-known class of material with established processing routes which is an indication of increased market penetration in both aerospace and automobile industries [ 7 ]. Pratt & Whitney have applied TiAl in producing low-pressure turbine (LPT) blades for their PW1100G turbofan engine; while general electric (GE) developed the LEAP-1A Safran aircraft engines from TiAl alloy [ 81 ]. The Ti–48Al–2Nb–2Cr (4822 alloy) has been adopted by general electric (GE) to manufacture their LPT blades in Boeing 787 and 747-8 of GEnx engines [ 15 , 64 , 93 ]; while Ti-43.5Al–4Nb–1Mo-0.1B (TNM) alloy was used for LPT stage of GTF engine by Pratt and Whitney [ 15 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Characteristic effects of alloying elements on β solidifying titanium aluminides: A review

Raji

Popoola

Pityana

2020

Heliyon

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The high strength-to-weight ratio property of titanium aluminide (TiAl) based intermetallic alloys makes researchers regard this type of material as a potential replacement for the heavier superalloys of nickel. These alloys have been applied as turbocharger wheels of automobile and turbine blades of aircraft engines. A much recent alloy type of TiAl called the TNM alloy has emerged and primarily amenable to mechanical working; while providing the best combinations of mechanical properties that could be achieved through manufacturing processes with subsequent heat treatments. This is attained by solidifying entirely through the disordered β-phase (A2 structure). Effects of major alloying elements such as strength improvement, microstructural stability and phase formation demand the understanding of these alloying elements addition in TiAl-based intermetallic alloys. This review paper aims at encapsulating several works regarding the effects of major alloying elements on β-solidifying TiAl-based alloys and summarizing the characteristic effects of Si for these types of alloys. An impetus for future works on these types of intermetallic TiAl-based alloys is also presented.

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Section: Effects Of Alloying Elements On Tial-based Alloysmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Effects Of Alloying Elements On Tial-based Alloysmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Characteristic effects of alloying elements on β solidifying titanium aluminides: A review

Raji

Popoola

Pityana

2020

Heliyon

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Influence of Two‐Step Heat Treatments on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of a β‐Solidifying Titanium Aluminide Alloy Fabricated via Electron Beam Powder Bed Fusion

et al. 2022

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Additive manufacturing technologies, particularly electron beam powder bed fusion (PBF‐EB/M), are becoming increasingly important for the processing of intermetallic titanium aluminides. This study presents the effects of hot isostatic pressing (HIP) and subsequent two‐step heat treatments on the microstructure and mechanical properties of the TNM‐B1 alloy (Ti–43.5Al–4Nb–1Mo–0.1B) fabricated via PBF‐EB/M. Adequate solution heat treatment temperatures allow the adjustment of fully lamellar (FL) and nearly lamellar (NL‐β) microstructures. The specimens are characterized by optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X‐ray computed tomography (CT), X‐ray diffraction (XRD), and electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD). The mechanical properties at ambient temperatures are evaluated via tensile testing and subsequent fractography. While lack‐of‐fusion defects are the main causes of failure in the as‐built condition, the mechanical properties in the heat‐treated conditions are predominantly controlled by the microstructure. The highest ultimate tensile strength is achieved after HIP due to the elimination of lack‐of‐fusion defects. The results reveal challenges originating from the PBF‐EB/M process, for example, local variations in chemical composition due to aluminum evaporation, which in turn affect the microstructures after heat treatment. For designing suitable heat treatment strategies, particular attention should therefore be paid to the microstructural characteristics associated with additive manufacturing.

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In-Situ LENS Fabricated Ti–Al–Si Alloy Phase Transformation and Microstructural Evolution After Isothermal Annealing Heat Treatments

Raji

Popoola

Pityana

et al. 2022

The Minerals, Metals &Amp; Materials Series

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Intrinsic Heat Treatment Within Additive Manufacturing of Gamma Titanium Aluminide Space Hardware

Cited by 25 publications

References 35 publications

Characteristic effects of alloying elements on β solidifying titanium aluminides: A review

Characteristic effects of alloying elements on β solidifying titanium aluminides: A review

Influence of Two‐Step Heat Treatments on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of a β‐Solidifying Titanium Aluminide Alloy Fabricated via Electron Beam Powder Bed Fusion

In-Situ LENS Fabricated Ti–Al–Si Alloy Phase Transformation and Microstructural Evolution After Isothermal Annealing Heat Treatments

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