Intrinsic Field-Induced Nanoparticle Assembly in Three-Dimensional (3D) Printing Polymeric Composites

Ravichandran, Dharneedar; Xu, Weiheng; Jambhulkar, Sayli; Zhu, Yuxiang; Kakarla, Mounika; Bawareth, Mohammed; Song, Kenan

doi:10.1021/acsami.1c12763

Cited by 20 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 132 publications

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“…However, so far the resolution (the smallest feature size controllable) has been on the order of hundreds of micrometers, although the integration of nanostructures into 3D-printed materials or patterns is possible. [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18] In other words, 3D printing is several orders of magnitude away from the feature sizes accessible by lithographic methods. In summary, 3D printing has the direct pattern generation capability and materials versatility, whereas Additive manufacturing (3D printing) has not been applicable to micro-and nanoscale engineering due to the limited resolution.…”

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confidence: 99%

Additive Manufacturing in Atomic Layer Processing Mode

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are generated by a repetitive sequence of processing steps in which for each material a sacrificial resist layer is deposited, then patterned, then used to transfer its pattern into the desired material layer, and finally removed. This framework does not allow for the direct deposition of a patterned functional material. Its reliance on a small number of sacrificial "resists" and the multiple removal and cleaning steps cause large amounts of material waste. It also requires significant resources of energy, processing time, and facility investment. Additionally, lithography-based fabrication is highly suitable to the generation of identical products in large numbers, but it does not offer prompt access and flexibility to prototyping individual devices. In the manufacturing of large parts, prototyping has been rendered increasingly accessible using additive manufacturing (3D printing) strategies. [4][5][6][7][8] Here, the functional material is directly deposited in patterned form using various strategies such as miniaturized nozzles and laser or electron beams. However, so far the resolution (the smallest feature size controllable) has been on the order of hundreds of micrometers, although the integration of nanostructures into 3D-printed materials or patterns is possible. [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18] In other words, 3D printing is several orders of magnitude away from the feature sizes accessible by lithographic methods. In summary, 3D printing has the direct pattern generation capability and materials versatility, whereas Additive manufacturing (3D printing) has not been applicable to micro-and nanoscale engineering due to the limited resolution. Atomic layer deposition (ALD) is a technique for coating large areas with atomic thickness resolution based on tailored surface chemical reactions. Thus, combining the principles of additive manufacturing with ALD could open up a completely new field of manufacturing. Indeed, it is shown that a spatially localized delivery of ALD precursors can generate materials patterns. In this "atomic-layer additive manufacturing" (ALAM), the vertical resolution of the solid structure deposited is about 0.1 nm, whereas the lateral resolution is defined by the microfluidic gas delivery. The ALAM principle is demonstrated by generating lines and patterns of pure, crystalline TiO 2 and Pt on planar substrates and conformal coatings of 3D nanostructures. The functional quality of ALAM patterns is exemplified with temperature sensors, which achieve a performance similar to the industry standard. This general method of multimaterial direct patterning is much simpler than standard multistep lithographic microfabrication. It offers process flexibility, saves processing time, investment, materials, waste, and energy. It is envisioned that together with etching, doping, and cleaning performed in a similar local manner, ALAM will create the "atomic-layer advanced manufacturing" family of techniques.The ORCID identification number(s) for the author(s) of this article can be found und...

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Additive Manufacturing in Atomic Layer Processing Mode

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“…There are many advantages of harnessing materials extrusion (in particular, DIW) for printing TE materials such as having a large material selection which can opens possibilities of multi-material structures for potential fully printed TEG devices. A key advantage of DIW allows for the alignment of nanoparticles relatively easily through fabrication of stimuli-responsive structures (e.g., electrical or magnetic) − or through intrinsic mechanical mechanisms. , This advantage of DIW allows fabrication of TE materials with the potential for enhanced electrical conductivity. Direct ink writing of TE materials (DIW-TE) was relatively unperceived until 2018 by Son Jae Sung’s research group .…”

Section: Strategies For Direct Ink Writing Of Thermoelectric Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Additive Manufacturing of Thermoelectrics: Emerging Trends and Outlook

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Additive manufacturing (AM) has progressed rapidly in recent years, thanks to its versatility in printing complex and intricate shapes. Very recently, it has also been making inroads into functional and energy materials. On the other hand, thermoelectrics is a relatively mature field, with well-established understanding and design, especially on the materials level. However, complexities in device fabrication and scalability issues have greatly hindered thermoelectric (TE) applications. In this Focus Review, we discuss the advent of AM as a timely and important tool not only to overcome the scalability issues but also to achieve shape intricacies and conformability for flexible and wearable applications. In particular, direct ink writing (DIW), a subset under materials extrusion methods, holds great promise as a versatile fabrication technique for integrated TE devices. More importantly, we discuss the great promise of “engineered nanostructuring” using DIW as a new paradigm to improve TE performance beyond intrinsic properties.

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“…The fabricated multiphase composite samples consist of the Fe 3 O 4 magnetic nanoparticles that were selectively positioned and preferentially patterned along with the polymeric chains due to the flow shear experienced by the feedstock solutions. 23,24 Magnetometric measurements were done on the 3L sample by generating an MH curve to determine the magnetic property with changing magnetic strength and its anisotropy (Fig. 3).…”

Section: Esi †)''mentioning

confidence: 99%