Intrinsic Bio-Enhancer Entities of &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;Fagonia cretica&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt; for Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Involves Anti-Urease, Anti-Oxidant and Anti-Tyosinase Activity

Yousaf, Amna; Zafar, Ayesha; Ali, Muhammad; Bukhary, Snober Mona; Manzoor, Yasmeen; Tariq, Tuba; Saeed, Asma; Akram, Muhammad; Bukhari, Faryal; Abdullah, Muhammad Imran; Zehra, Syeda Sadaf; Hassan, Shahbaz Gul; Hasan, Murtaza

doi:10.4236/abb.2019.1012032

Cited by 20 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…The complex bioactive extract of W. coagulans contains potent and functional molecules that must be fractionated to simplify the complexity and provide separate bioactive molecules that can exhibit their functionalities efficiently. Different fractions of plant extract obtained using different solvents and mixtures of solvents were used to resolve the complexity of the biological entities of W. coagulans used as bioreducing, antibacterial, antifungal agents [32]. This fractionation route provided a means to separate, simplify and unveil the hidden active molecules in the complex.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fractionation of Biomolecules in Withania coagulans Extract for Bioreductive Nanoparticle Synthesis, Antifungal and Biofilm Activity

et al. 2020

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Withania coagulans contains a complex mixture of various bioactive compounds. In order to reduce the complexity of the plant extract to purify its phytochemical biomolecules, a novel fractionation strategy using different solvent combination ratios was applied to isolate twelve bioactive fractions. These fractions were tested for activity in the biogenic synthesis of cobalt oxide nanoparticles, biofilm and antifungal activities. The results revealed that plant extract with bioactive fractions in 30% ratio for all solvent combinations showed more potent bioreducing power, according to the observed color changes and the appearance of representative absorption peaks at 500–510 nm in the UV-visible spectra which confirm the synthesis of cobalt oxide nanoparticles (Co3O4 NPs). XRD diffraction was used to define the crystal structure, size and phase composition of the products. The fractions obtained using 90% methanol/hexane and 30% methanol/hexane showed more effectiveness against biofilm formation by Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus so these fractions could potentially be used to treat bacterial infections. The 90% hexane/H2O fraction showed excellent antifungal activity against Aspergillus niger and Candida albicans, while the 70% methanol/hexane fraction showed good antifungal activity for C. albicans, so these fractions are potentially useful for the treatment of various fungal infections. On the whole it was concluded that fractionation based on effective combinations of methanol/hexane was useful to investigate and study bioactive compounds, and the active compounds from these fractions may be further purified and tested in various clinical trials.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fractionation of Biomolecules in Withania coagulans Extract for Bioreductive Nanoparticle Synthesis, Antifungal and Biofilm Activity

et al. 2020

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“…[10], Phaseolus vulgaris L. [11], and Zea mays L. [12], while a negative effect on the root growth in various plants (Linum usitatissimum L. and Hordeum vulgare L.) upon higher accumulation [13,14]. The toxicity of Ag NPs is due to the bioaccumulation of silver ions (Ag + ions) that lower the production of chlorophyll, ultimately reducing the photosynthesis and impacting the cell growth [15,16]. Moreover, there are studies which offer evidence that NPs contribute more to their toxicity than the Ag + dissociation [17,18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phytotoxic Evaluation of Phytosynthesized Silver Nanoparticles on Lettuce

et al. 2021

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The increasing metal release into the environment warrants investigating their impact on plants, which are cornerstones of ecosystems. Here, Lactuca sativa L. (lettuce) seedlings were exposed hydroponically to different concentrations of silver ions and nanoparticles (Ag NPs) for 25 days to evaluate their impact on plant growth. Seedlings taking Ag+ ions showed an increment of 18% in total phenolic content and 12% in total flavonoid content, whereas under Ag NPs, 7% free radical scavenging activity, 12% total phenolic contents (TPC), and 10% total reducing power are increased. An increase in 31% shoot length, 25% chlorophyll, 11% carbohydrate, and 16% protein content of the lettuce plant is observed in response to Ag NPs, while silver nitrate (AgNO3) has a reduced 40% growth. The lettuce plant was most susceptible to toxic effects of Ag+ ions at a lower concentration, i.e., 0.01 mg/L, while Ag NPs showed less toxicity, only when higher concentrations >100 mg/L were applied. Further, biomolecules other than antioxidant enzymes showed higher phytotoxicity for Ag+ ions, followed by Ag NPs with the concentration of 25, 50, and 100 mg/L compared to the control. Thus, moderate concentrations of Ag NPs have a stimulatory effect on seedling growth, while higher concentrations induced inhibitory effects due to the release of Ag+ ions. These results suggest that optimum metallic contents are desirable for the healthier growth of plants in a controlled way.

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“…The application of 100 mg/L of chemically synthesized NRs proved to be 35% more toxic for leaf area as compared to the same concentration of biologically synthesized iron oxides NRs. Thus, once again proved that developing nanofertilizers through bioinspired methods will be highly productive towards enhancing the growth of crops [ 28 , 29 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physiological and anti-oxidative response of biologically and chemically synthesized iron oxide: Zea mays a case study

Hasan

Rafique

Zafar

et al. 2020

Heliyon

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The synthesis methodology, particle size and shape, dose optimization, and toxicity studies of nano-fertilizers are vital prior to their field application. This study investigates the comparative response of chemically synthesized and biologically synthesized iron oxide nanorods (NRs) using moringa olefera along with bulk FeCl 3 on summer maize (Zea mays). It is found that FeCl 3 salt and chemically synthesized iron oxides NRs caused growth retardation and impaired plant physiological and anti-oxidative activities at a concentration higher than 25 mg/L due to toxicity by over accumulation. While iron released form biologically synthesized NRs have shown significantly positive results even at 50 mg/L due to their low toxicity, an improved leaf area (13%), number of leaves per plant (26%), total chlorophyll content (80%) and nitrate content (6%) with biologically synthesized NRs are obtained. Moreover, the plant anti-oxidative activity also increased on treatment with biologically synthesized NRs because of their ability to form a complex with metal ions. These findings suggest that biologically synthesized iron oxides NRs are an efficient iron source and can last for a long time. Thus, proving that nanofertilizer are required to have specific surface chemistry to release the nutrient in an appropriate concentration for better plant growth.

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Intrinsic Bio-Enhancer Entities of <i>Fagonia cretica</i> for Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Involves Anti-Urease, Anti-Oxidant and Anti-Tyosinase Activity

Cited by 20 publications

References 33 publications

Fractionation of Biomolecules in Withania coagulans Extract for Bioreductive Nanoparticle Synthesis, Antifungal and Biofilm Activity

Fractionation of Biomolecules in Withania coagulans Extract for Bioreductive Nanoparticle Synthesis, Antifungal and Biofilm Activity

Phytotoxic Evaluation of Phytosynthesized Silver Nanoparticles on Lettuce

Physiological and anti-oxidative response of biologically and chemically synthesized iron oxide: Zea mays a case study

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