Intrinsic and Extrinsic Motivation and Learning in Schizophrenia

Kremen, Lisa C.; Fiszdon, Joanna M.; Kurtz, Matthew M.; Silverstein, Steven M.; Choi, Julie

doi:10.1007/s40473-016-0078-1

Cited by 20 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…We aimed to look at global negative symptoms and not negative symptom factors (e.g., experiential and expressive negative symptoms (Llerena et al, 2018)) based on the conceptual issues mentioned above (e.g., some individual negative symptom items conflate different symptoms) and differing empirical evidence supporting the presence of and included negative symptom domains (e.g., anhedonia) in experiential and expressive negative symptom factors across negative symptom measures, particularly between first-generation and second-generation negative symptom measures (Ahmed et al, in press;Blanchard and Cohen, 2006;Liemburg et al, 2013). For the motivation assessments, we also did not include clinician-rated motivation scales for analytic purposes (e.g., in order to avoid shared method variance that would likely conflate the strength of the associations found) and feasibility reasons (e.g., clinician-rated motivation is largely assessed via subscales of negative symptom measures); 3) had a motivation measure that aligned with intrinsic motivation, extrinsic motivation, or amotivation; choosing measures that align with these domains helps to decrease the difficulties operationalizing motivation, lessens construct validity concerns, and is consistent with the widely used and theoretically driven SDT-based conceptualizations of motivation in schizophrenia research; 4) the self-report and clinician-rated assessments used aligned with reviews of motivation and negative symptoms by Kremen et al (2016) and Lincoln et al (2017), and the performance-based tasks used were consistent with those described in the review from Markou et al (2013). We chose these reviews because they detail the most widely used and validated motivation and negative symptom measures, which is important for reducing content validity issues; 5) used these measures with a schizophrenia-spectrum sample; and 6) contained a univariate association among motivation and overall negative symptoms; if these variables were assessed with eligible measures, but the univariate association was not reported, we emailed the study authors.…”

Section: Study Eligibility Criteriamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Conference presentations and dissertations were included to reduce publication bias (Borenstein et al, 2009;Lipsey and Wilson, 2001). We next examined the references of reviews focused on motivation in schizophrenia (i.e., Kremen et al, 2016;Markou et al, 2013;Medalia and Brekke, 2010;Strauss et al, 2014). Lastly, because studies were required to use either a self-report or performance-based assessment of motivation, forward searches of the corresponding seminal measure articles were conducted.…”

Section: Literature Searchmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Further, the degree to which these conceptualizations align with widely used negative symptom measures varies, with several commonly used negative symptom measures differing in the extent to which motivation deficits are assessed (Foussias and Remington, 2008). These differences have contributed to the inconsistent findings plaguing much of motivation research (Hartmann-Riemer et al, 2018;Kremen et al, 2016), making interpretation of findings across studies difficult and hindering the field from moving forward. For example, depending on the negative symptom measure used, associations with similar motivation measures have ranged from nonsignificant to large (Hartmann et al, 2015;Tobe et al, 2016;Wolf et al, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Clarifying the overlap between motivation and negative symptom measures in schizophrenia research: A meta-analysis

Luther

Fischer

Firmin

et al. 2019

Schizophrenia Research

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Motivation and negative symptom research has recently been hampered by a series of inconsistent findings, leading to calls for a greater consensus on the type of measures used across studies. To inform this issue, we conducted a meta-analysis that quantified the association between motivation measures (self-report, performance-based) and clinician-rated negative symptom measures as well as a series of moderator analyses to develop a greater understanding of the measurement factors impacting this relationship. Forty-seven eligible studies with people with schizophrenia-spectrum disorders were included. Using a random-effects meta-analytic model, a small but significant overall effect size emerged between motivation and clinician-rated negative symptoms (r = −.18). Several significant moderators were identified, including the generation of negative symptom measures such that there was a significantly stronger relationship between motivation and secondgeneration (r = −.38) than first-generation negative symptom measures (r = −.17). Further, the type of performance-based measure used moderated the relationship, with effort discounting tasks most strongly related to negative symptoms (r = −.44). The domain of motivation assessed (intrinsic, extrinsic, amotivation) also moderated the relationship. These findings help to identify sources of inconsistencies observed in prior studies and point to both second-generation and effort discounting tasks as the most promising types of measures, particularly for those interested in validating motivation measures or assessing the effectiveness of motivation treatments. Although additional research is needed, our results suggest that using these measures may help to reduce inconsistencies across studies and move the field forward.

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Section: Study Eligibility Criteriamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Literature Searchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Clarifying the overlap between motivation and negative symptom measures in schizophrenia research: A meta-analysis

Luther

Fischer

Firmin

et al. 2019

Schizophrenia Research

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“…Interest in motivation in schizophrenia has increased considerably in recent years (Gard et al, 2009 ; Kremen et al, 2016 ). Most studies have defined motivation as a core negative symptom in schizophrenia that is related to poor functional outcome (Fervaha et al, 2015 ; Foussias et al, 2015 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trends in the Study of Motivation in Schizophrenia: A Bibliometric Analysis of Six Decades of Research (1956–2017)

2018

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Motivation in schizophrenia has been a key research aim for several decades. Motivation is a very complex process underlying negative symptoms that has been assessed and identified using very different instruments and terminologies. This study provides a comprehensive overview of the growing literature production and highlights an extensive set of variables to better understand the study of motivation. Electronic databases were searched in order to compile relevant studies of motivation in individuals with schizophrenia. The initial search identified 3,248 potentially interesting records, and of these, 161 articles published between 1956 and 2017 were finally included. Information such as year of publication, journal, country, and number of authors was codified. Variables related to sample characteristics, methodological aspects, and motivational terms were also extracted. The results revealed a significant growth trend in literature production, especially since the 2000s, with reward as the main term studied. In addition, questionnaires were identified as the preferred instrument to assess motivation in patients with schizophrenia. Other aspects such as country of publication, authors, journals of publication, and co-citation network analysis were also examined. The discussion offers recommendations for future research.

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“…Pada status pekerjaan menunjukkan sebagian besar pasien skziofrenia yang tidak bekerja. Kurangnya motivasi telah lama dikenal sebagai mediator yang signifikan dalam hubungan antara kognisi dan keterampilan seperti kemampuan untuk mengelola keuangan secara mandiri atau mencari pekerjaan 12 . Pelatihan keterampilan sosial perlu diberikan karena sebagai salah satu kegiatan pembelajaran yang memungkinkan pasien memperoleh keterampilan yang diperlukan untuk memenuhi tuntutan interpersonal, perawatan diri dan menghadapi kehidupan masyarakat dimana tujuan dari pelatihan keterampilan sosial adalah untuk memperbaiki kekurangan tertentu dalam fungsi sosial pasien 13 .…”

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Studi Penggunaan Kombinasi Antipsikotik pada Pasien Skizofrenia di Rumah Sakit Yogyakarta

2020

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Skizofrenia merupakan gangguan jiwa berat yang memengaruhi pemikiran dan persepsi seseorang. Pemberian antipsikotik saat ini masih menjadi pengobatan primer untuk pasien skizofrenia. 10-30% pasien skizoprenia mendapatkan kombinasi antipsikotik karena respon yang tidak adekuat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pola dan profil efek samping dari penggunaan kombinasi antipsikotik pada pasien skizoprenia. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif-observasional dengan rancangan cross-sectional (potong lintang). Pengumpulan data dilakukan secara retrospektif menggunakan data rekam medik. Pola penggunaan kombinasi antipsikotik pada pasien skizofrenia yaitu kombinasi antipsikotik yang paling banyak digunakan adalah kombinasi risperidon – klozapin sebanyak 43,4%. Efek samping yang terjadi pada penggunaan kombinasi antipsikotik yaitu efek ekstrapiramidal yang berupa tremor, hipersalivasi, dan rigiditas sebanyak 15,2% pada penggunaan risperidon - klozapin. Kombinasi terbanyak yang sering digunakan pada pasien skizofrenia adalah kombinasi risperidon-klozapin, dan profil efek samping yang sering muncul dari penggunaan antipsikotik adalah efek ekstrapiramidal.

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Intrinsic and Extrinsic Motivation and Learning in Schizophrenia

Cited by 20 publications

References 60 publications

Clarifying the overlap between motivation and negative symptom measures in schizophrenia research: A meta-analysis

Clarifying the overlap between motivation and negative symptom measures in schizophrenia research: A meta-analysis

Trends in the Study of Motivation in Schizophrenia: A Bibliometric Analysis of Six Decades of Research (1956–2017)

Studi Penggunaan Kombinasi Antipsikotik pada Pasien Skizofrenia di Rumah Sakit Yogyakarta

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