Intrinsic and Extrinsic Connections of the Cerebral Cortex of Lizards

Hoogland, Piet V.; Zee, E. Vermeulen-Van der

doi:10.1159/000415851

Cited by 23 publications

(19 citation statements)

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“…In contrast, the MC is more similar to the mammalian dentate gyrus and Ammon's horn, which are common sites of enhanced structural plasticity associated with putative mechanisms for learning and memory including neurogenesis, synaptogenesis, and enhanced neuronal survival [Kaplan and Hinds, 1977;Moser et al, 1994, Gould et al, 1999bCameron and McKay, 2001;Shors et al, 2001;Leuner et al, 2003Leuner et al, , 2004Shors, 2004]. The DC receives many peripheral inputs and then interacts with other brain centers including the MC [Ulinsky, 1976;Halpern, 1980;Hoogland and Vermeulen-Van der Zee, 1988], where high levels of neurogenesis and structural plasticity have been reported [Lopez-Garcia et al, 1988, 1992Font et al, 1991;Penafi el et al, 2001]. Thus, similar to the entorhinal cortex in mammals, lesions to the DC may impair spatial cognition [Blau and Powers, 1989;Avigan and Powers, 1995;but see Day et al, 2001] by limiting projections to the MC.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relative Medial and Dorsal Cortex Volume in Relation to Sex Differences in Spatial Ecology of a Snake Population

Roth

Lutterschmidt²,

Wilson³

2006

Brain Behav Evol

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In non-avian reptiles the medial and dorsal cortices are putative homologues of the hippocampal formation in mammals and birds. Studies on mammals and birds commonly report neuro-ecological correlations between hippocampal volume and aspects of spatial ecology. We examined the relationship between putative homologous cortical volumes and spatial use in a population of the squamate reptile, Agkistrodon piscivorus, that exhibits sex differences in spatial use. Do male A. piscivorus that inhabit larger home ranges than females also have larger putative hippocampal volumes? Male and female brains were sectioned and digitized to quantify regional cortical volumes. Although sex differences in dorsal cortex volume were not observed, males had a significantly larger medial cortex relative to telencephalon volume. Similar to studies on mammals and birds, relative hippocampal or medial cortex volume was positively correlated with patterns of spatial use. We demonstrate volumetric sex differences within a reptilian putative hippocampal homologue.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relative Medial and Dorsal Cortex Volume in Relation to Sex Differences in Spatial Ecology of a Snake Population

Roth

Lutterschmidt²,

Wilson³

2006

Brain Behav Evol

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“…Several investigations, carried out in lizards, have revealed the existence of a massive projection of the DLA onto the hippocampal cortex (Lohman and van Woerden-Verkley 1978;Belekhova and Kenigfest 1983;Bruce and Butler 1984;Hoogland and Vermeulen van der Zee 1988;Martinez-Garcia and Olucha 1988). Electrophysiological experiments have shown that this dorsomedial cortex is responsive to visual stimulation (Gusel'nikov and Supin 1964;Andry and Northcutt 1976;Ivazov and Belekhova 1982;Belekhova et al 1983).…”

Section: A Comparative Analysis Of Contralateral Retinal Projections mentioning

confidence: 99%

Retinal projections in two crocodilian species, Caiman crocodilus and Crocodylus niloticus

Derobert

Médina

Rio

et al. 1999

Anatomy and Embryology

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The retinal projections of Caiman crocodilus and Crocodylus niloticus were investigated by means of the orthograde axonal transport of either rhodamine beta-isothiocyanate or tritiated proline. In these two species, each tracer revealed contralateral retinal projections to three hypothalamic regions (subventricular gray matter, nucleus suprachiasmaticus, and area optica hypothalami lateralis), five thalamic regions (nuclei ovalis, dorsolateralis anterior, ventrolateralis and ventrobasalis, and lateral geniculate complex, of which six subcomponents can be distinguished), six pretectal regions (nuclei posterodorsalis, lentiformis mesencephali, griseus tectalis, geniculatus pretectalis, area optica commissurae posterior and area optica pretectalis lateroventralis), six outermost layers of the optic tectum, and the nucleus opticus tegmenti. Weak ipsilateral retinal projections have been observed in two hypothalamic nuclei and in the nucleus opticus tegmenti. Comparative analysis with other data show that the contralateral retinal projections of crocodiles are considerably more reptilian than avian. Moreover, crocodiles share with birds an extremely poor contingent of ipsilateral retinal projections.

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“…There is no single region known as the hippocampus in lizards. Rather, two regions, the medial cortex (MC) and dorsal cortex (DC) of lizards, appear to be homologous as a field to the hippocampus proper and associated limbic areas such as the entorhinal, subicular, and cingulate cortices [Butler, 1976;Northcutt, 1978;Bruce and Butler, 1984;Berbel, 1987;Hoogland and Vermeulen-Van der Zee, 1987;Martinez-Garcia and Olucha, 1987;Davila et al, 1993;Luis de la Iglesia et al, 1994]. Relatively little attention has been paid to the functions of the MC and DC lizards, but it does appear that they are involved in learning [Morlock, 1972;Peterson, 1980;Ivazov, 1983;Font and Gomez-Gomez, 1991;Day et al, 1998].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relative Medial and Dorsal Cortex Volume in Relation to Foraging Ecology in Congeneric Lizards

Day¹,

Crews²,

Wilczynski³

1999

Brain Behav Evol

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The need to locate distributed resources such as mates, food, and nests is correlated with an enlarged hippocampus in many mammalian and avian species. This correlation is believed to be a consequence of selection for spatial ability. Little is known about how such ecological needs affect non-mammalian, non-avian species. In lizards, the putative hippocampal homologues are the dorsal cortex (DC) and medial cortex (MC). We examined the relationship between foraging ecology and the size of the DC and MC in congeneric male lizards. We predicted based on the mammalian and avian literature that Acanthodactylus boskianus, an active forager that captures clumped, immobile prey would have a larger MC and DC than A. scutellatus, a sit-and-wait predator, that captures mobile prey. Our previous behavioral studies showed that A. boskianus did not differ from A. scutellatus on a spatial task but that A. boskianus was significantly better at the reversal of a visual discrimination, another task that is hippocampally dependent in mammals. In the current study, we found that, relative to telencephalon volume, the MC and DC were larger in the active forager whereas a control region, the lateral, olfactory, cortex, was similar in size between species. The current anatomical results suggest that MC and DC size is related to active foraging in lizards and, along with our previous behavioral studies, show that it is possible for this relationship to occur in the absence of evidence for species differences in spatial memory.

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Intrinsic and Extrinsic Connections of the Cerebral Cortex of Lizards

Cited by 23 publications

References 0 publications

Relative Medial and Dorsal Cortex Volume in Relation to Sex Differences in Spatial Ecology of a Snake Population

Relative Medial and Dorsal Cortex Volume in Relation to Sex Differences in Spatial Ecology of a Snake Population

Retinal projections in two crocodilian species, Caiman crocodilus and Crocodylus niloticus

Relative Medial and Dorsal Cortex Volume in Relation to Foraging Ecology in Congeneric Lizards

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