Intravitreal Triamcinolone Acetonide in Exudative Age-Related Macular Degeneration

Abstract

Indocyanine green angiography-guided laser treatment may improve or stabilize visual acuity in some eyes with O-CNV. The best outcome is seen in eyes with presumed parapapillary CNV, probably made up of choroidal telangiectases in many cases. The type and location of the presumed CNV influence prognosis after laser treatment considerably. A randomized, controlled clinical study appears necessary to investigate the efficacy of ICGA-guided laser treatment in different types of presumed CNV. The inclusion criteria for further trials need to be defined with precision, as data from patients with different choroidal vascular abnormalities have been pooled until now.

Preclinical Evaluation of a Phosphorothioate Oligonucleotide in the Retina of Rhesus Monkey

“…These adverse effects were particularly evident with the highest dose (50 l, 0.75 nmol/ l), indicating that the volume and concentration of DS135 needs to be further adjusted. Although the cellular infiltration could be minimized by IV use of certain amounts of antiinflammatory drugs (Danis et al, 2000;Flores-Aguilar et al, 1997;Shen et al, 2000), our results may also imply that the undesired side effects of DS135 are associated with the biochemical structure of PS-oligo (Black et al, 1994;Dvorchik and Marquis, 2000). It has been reported that chimeric oligonucleotides consisting of a mixed phosphodiester-phosphorothioate backbone and having 2-methoxyrobonucleotides modification, dramatically eliminated the side effects of PS-oligos but retained the effective potency in the central nerve system (Ho et al, 1998).…”

Branch retinal vein occlusion treated by intravitreal triamcinolone acetonide

“…Intravitreal triamcinolone acetonide has increasingly been used in previous studies for treatment of intraocular proliferative, oedematous, and neovascular diseases, such as diffuse diabetic macular oedema, [1][2][3] proliferative diabetic retinopathy, 4 neovascular glaucoma, 5 central retinal vein occlusion, [6][7][8] proliferative vitreoretinopathy, 9 chronic pre-phthisical ocular hypotony, 10 chronic uveitis, [11][12][13][14][15] persistent pseudophakic cystoid macular oedema, [16][17][18] exudative age-related macular degeneration, [19][20][21][22][23][24][25] cystoid macular oedema due to retinitis pigmentosa, 26 ischaemic ophthalmopathy, 27 sympathetic ophthalmia, 28 idiopathic juxtafoveal telangiectasis, 29 as visualization aid during pars plana vitrectomy, 30 and in other clinical situations. [31][32][33][34][35][36] In aqueous humour and in silicone oil, respectively, triamcinolone acetonide has been found up to 1.5 years and up to 8 months, respectively, after the intravitreal injection.…”

Cataract surgery after intravitreal injection of triamcinolone acetonide

“…Recently, intravitreal injections of triamcinolone acetonide have increasingly been used as a treatment for these diseases such as exudative age-related macular degeneration, [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8] diffuse diabetic macular oedema, [6][7][8][9][10][11] central retinal vein occlusion, 12,13 persistent pseudophakic cystoid macular oedema, proliferative diabetic retinopathy, 14 proliferative vitreoretinopathy, 15 iris neovascularisation, 16 chronic prephthisical ocular hypotony, 17 chronic uveitis, [18][19][20][21] and neovascular glaucoma. 22 Complications and side-effects of the intravitreal injection of triamcinolone acetonide include secondary ocular hypertension developing in about 50% of the eyes injected and leading to high intraocular pressure up to 60 mmHg with the need for antiglaucomatous filtering surgery in about 1% of the eyes; 23 infectious endophthalmitis in less than 1% of the eyes, if the injection was performed under sterile criteria in the operation room; and, because of the cataractogenic effect of steroids, a cataract that has eventually to undergo surgery.…”