“…BDNF protein infused into the lateral ventricle of adult rat brains was the first noted to increase the number of newly generated neurons in the olfactory bulb [126], an observation that we confirmed using an adenoviral vector expressing BDNF [127], the intraventricular administration of which yielded an increase in the number of newly recruited olfactory bulb neurons. A similar observation was also noted 3 weeks post-treatment using a lentiviral vector expressing BDNF, in which olfactory neuronal addition was noted in response to BDNF over-expression [128].…”
Section: Bdnf Induces a Neuronal Addition To The Adult Striatumsupporting
confidence: 69%
“…On that basis, the restoration of BDNF levels was actively targeted as a potential treatment for HD. In fact, a number of drugs proposed for HD treatment stimulate BDNF expression (e.g., riluzole [126], cystamine [120], memantine [121], ampakine [122], and CEP-1347 [123,124]). …”
Section: Bdnf Induces a Neuronal Addition To The Adult Striatummentioning
“…BDNF protein infused into the lateral ventricle of adult rat brains was the first noted to increase the number of newly generated neurons in the olfactory bulb [126], an observation that we confirmed using an adenoviral vector expressing BDNF [127], the intraventricular administration of which yielded an increase in the number of newly recruited olfactory bulb neurons. A similar observation was also noted 3 weeks post-treatment using a lentiviral vector expressing BDNF, in which olfactory neuronal addition was noted in response to BDNF over-expression [128].…”
Section: Bdnf Induces a Neuronal Addition To The Adult Striatumsupporting
confidence: 69%
“…On that basis, the restoration of BDNF levels was actively targeted as a potential treatment for HD. In fact, a number of drugs proposed for HD treatment stimulate BDNF expression (e.g., riluzole [126], cystamine [120], memantine [121], ampakine [122], and CEP-1347 [123,124]). …”
Section: Bdnf Induces a Neuronal Addition To The Adult Striatummentioning
“…But despite the fact that newborn mitogen-induced cells disperse into regions of the brain surrounding the ventricles, it is generally accepted that none of the newborn cells differentiate into neurons . Intraventricularly infused BDNF increased the number of newly born neurons found in the olfactory bulbs of adult animals (Zigova et al 1998). These results extend the in vitro results, and suggest that it may be possible to use growth factors to manipulate adult endogenous precursors in vivo for brain repair.…”
“…Incubation of cultured progenitor cells with BDNF is reported to increase the differentiation of cells into neurons (Palmer et al 1997). There is also an in vivo study where BDNF administered intraventricularly was found to increase neurogenesis in the subventricular zone, the region that gives rise to new neurons in the olfactory bulb (Zigova et al 1998). Unfortunately, the hippocampus was not examined in this study.…”
Section: Regulation Of Adult Neurogenesis By Neurotrophic Factorsmentioning
Demonstration of neurogenesis in adult brainOur understanding of how the brain functions and undergoes adaptation and plasticity has changed dramatically over the past several years. A great deal of work has demonstrated that altered levels of neurotransmitters, second messenger pathways, and gene expression profiles underlie cellular and behavioral plasticity. This includes models of learning and memory as well as models of depression, anxiety, and psychosis, and the long-term actions of psychotropic drugs. However, it is now becoming increasing evident that changes in cellular morphology and even more pronounced alterations in brain structure also contribute to neural plasticity or remodeling. At the cellular level these changes can occur in the form of up or down-regulation of synapse formation and spine density or extension and retraction of dendrites. Another very dramatic example is up or down-regulation of neurogenesis in adult brain. Studies in recent years demonstrate that new cell birth occurs in adult brain and that the rate of neurogenesis and the survival of new neurons is regulated by a number of environmental, endocrine, and pharmacological treatments.In this paper we discuss the evidence that structural remodeling may be involved in the pathophysiology and treatment of mood disorders. The potential role of neurogenesis is also discussed as well as the molecular mechanisms which underlie antidepressant regulation of new cell birth and survival. The studies to date suggest an exciting possibility for the role of neurogenesis
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