Intravenous levetiracetam terminates refractory status epilepticus in two patients with migrating partial seizures in infancy

Cilio, Maria Roberta; Bianchi, Roberto; Balestri, Martina; Onofri, Alessandro; Giovannini, S.; Capua, M. Di; Vigevano, Federico

doi:10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2009.05.004

Cited by 57 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Adverse events in both studies included sleepiness and/or fatigue, drowsiness with titration, and thrombocytopenia with concurrent VPA use. Further studies utilizing IV LEV for the treatment of acute seizures in 189 pediatric patients (1 day to 18 years) in eight retrospective case series and two case reports resulted an improved clinical seizure control; 118/189 reported concurrent EEG monitoring which demonstrated improved electrographic seizure control (65–74). …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Levetiracetam Use in the Critical Care Setting

DeWolfe¹,

Szaflarski²

2013

Front. Neurol.

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Intravenous (IV) levetiracetam (LEV) is currently approved as an alternative or replacement therapy for patients unable to take the oral form of this antiepileptic drug (AED). The oral form has Food and Drug Administration (FDA) indications for adjunctive therapy in the treatment of partial onset epilepsy ages 1 month or more, myoclonic seizures associated with juvenile myoclonic epilepsy starting with the age of 12 and primary generalized tonic-clonic seizures in people 6 years and older. Since the initial introduction, oral and IV LEV has been evaluated in various studies conducted in the critical care setting for the treatment of status epilepticus, stroke-related seizures, seizures following subarachnoid or intracerebral hemorrhage, post-traumatic seizures, tumor-related seizures, and seizures in critically ill patients. Additionally, studies evaluating rapid infusion of IV LEV and therapeutic monitoring of serum LEV levels in different patient populations have been performed. In this review we present the current state of knowledge on LEV use in the critical care setting focusing on the IV uses and discuss future research needs.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Levetiracetam Use in the Critical Care Setting

DeWolfe¹,

Szaflarski²

2013

Front. Neurol.

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“…Retrospective studies evaluating its safety and efficacy support its use in diverse clinical settings including SE, RSE, and migrating partial seizures of infancy [28]. Bolus doses, when given, range from 30 to 60 mg/kg in children [28,29] and 500 to 2,000 mg in adults [30•]. Starting doses vary widely in children, from 15 to 70 mg/kg [31].…”

Section: Nonanesthetic Antiepileptic Drugsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It has a favorable side-effect profile and, unlike many of the other new AEDs, typical therapeutic doses can be given immediately. Retrospective studies evaluating its safety and efficacy support its use in diverse clinical settings including SE, RSE, and migrating partial seizures of infancy [28]. Bolus doses, when given, range from 30 to 60 mg/kg in children [28,29] and 500 to 2,000 mg in adults [30•].…”

Section: Nonanesthetic Antiepileptic Drugsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Treatment of Refractory Status Epilepticus in Childhood

Schreiber

Gaillard

2010

Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep

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Refractory status epilepticus (RSE) is characterized by a prolonged seizure that persists despite adequate initial management. RSE accounts for almost one quarter of all status epilepticus and carries significant risk for morbidity and mortality. Treatment varies widely between institutions regarding medication choice, dose, and monitoring. Several agents including nonanesthetic antiepileptic drugs (AEDs), anesthetic AEDs, enteral AEDs, and other therapies have been used in RSE. We review the current treatment strategies for RSE, focusing on patient selection, monitoring, optimal dosing and administration of medications, efficacy, adverse effects, and treatment duration.

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“…The study also found linear kinetics, minimal protein binding, and no hepatic metabolism with levetiracetam use in neonates (26). At this time, there are no clear dosing recommendations available in the literature where doses range from 10 to 70 mg/kg (15, 19, 20, 26–29). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Weber et al showed efficacy of levetiracetam in a child with Angelman syndrome presenting in non-convulsive status epilepticus (32). Cilio et al showed the termination of refractory status epilepticus in two patients with migrating partial seizures in infancy with intravenous levetiracetam (27). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficacy and Tolerability of Intravenous Levetiracetam in Childrens

Aceves¹,

Khan²,

Mungall³

et al. 2013

Front. Neurol.

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Intractable epilepsy in children poses a serious medical challenge. Acute repetitive seizures and status epilepticus leads to frequent emergency room visits and hospital admissions. Delay of treatment may lead to resistance to the first-line anticonvulsant therapies. It has been shown that these children continue to remain intractable even after acute seizure management with approved Food and Drug Administration (FDA) agents. Intravenous levetiracetam, a second-generation anticonvulsant was approved by the FDA in 2006 in patients 16 years and older as an alternative when oral treatment is not an option. Data have been published showing that intravenous levetiracetam is safe and efficacious, and can be used in an acute inpatient setting. This current review will discuss the recent data about the safety and tolerability of intravenous levetiracetam in children and neonates, and emphasize the need for a larger prospective multicenter trial to prove the efficacy of this agent in acute seizure management.

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Intravenous levetiracetam terminates refractory status epilepticus in two patients with migrating partial seizures in infancy

Cited by 57 publications

References 15 publications

Levetiracetam Use in the Critical Care Setting

Levetiracetam Use in the Critical Care Setting

Treatment of Refractory Status Epilepticus in Childhood

Efficacy and Tolerability of Intravenous Levetiracetam in Childrens

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