Intravenous Injections

Blalock, Alfred; Beard, J. W.; Thuss, Charles

doi:10.1172/jci100411

Cited by 18 publications

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“…The findings in the experiments on the effects of hemorrhage were quite different from those previously reported (2) in which the unexplained early decline in the pressure took place. When normal salt solution was injected into the animals from which blood was being removed, a decrease rather than an increase in the concentration of the red blood cells was found.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

“…When normal salt solution was introduced intravenously after producing a decline in pressure by spinal anesthesia, there was not a large loss of protein. The decline in the blood pressure in these experiments was similar to that observed in the experiments (2) in which the unexplained fall occurred. In both instances, a marked drop in the pressure was noted during the early part of the studies.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

“…SUMMARY The effects on the composition of the blood of four different procedures which resulted in a decline in the blood pressure were determined in some dogs in which no fluid was injected and in others in which either normal salt solution or gum acacia-glucose-saline solution was introduced intravenously. The methods that were employed in reducing the blood pressure consisted of (1) the graded removal of blood, (2) trauma to an extremity, (3) the subcutaneous injection of histamine and (4) the injection…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In previous studies (1,2) the composition of the blood has been determined before, during and after the injection of various fluids intravenously under normal and abnormal conditions. The abnormal conditions consisted of some experiments in which a decline in blood pressure was, produced by trauma to the intestines and others in which probably due either to the anesthetic or to the fluid that was injected intravenously there was an early marked decline in the pressure.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The results of these experiments led us to further studies on the composition of the blood of animals in which a decline in pressure was produced by other methods. These methods consisted of (1) graded hemorrhages, (2) trauma to an extremity, (3) the subcutaneous injection of histamine and (4) spinal anesthesia. These procedures were chosen because a large number of the instances of low blood pressures in patients are due to similar causes.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Study of the Effects of Hemorrhage, Trauma, Histamine and Spinal Anesthesia on the Composition of the Blood When No Fluids Are Injected and When Fluids Are Introduced Intravenously

Beard

Wilson²,

Weinstein³

et al. 1932

J. Clin. Invest.

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In previous studies (1, 2) the composition of the blood has been determined before, during and after the injection of various fluids intravenously under normal and abnormal conditions. The abnormal conditions consisted of some experiments in which a decline in blood pressure was, produced by trauma to the intestines and others in which probably due either to the anesthetic or to the fluid that was injected intravenously there was an early marked decline in the pressure. The results of these experiments led us to further studies on the composition of the blood of animals in which a decline in pressure was produced by other methods. These methods consisted of (1) graded hemorrhages, (2) trauma to an extremity, (3) the subcutaneous injection of histamine and (4) spinal anesthesia. These procedures were chosen because a large number of the instances of low blood pressures in patients are due to similar causes. Experiments were performed both with and without the introduction of fluids intravenously. The fluids that were chosen for study were normal salt solution and Evans' gum acacia-glucose-saline solution. These two fluids together with others were employed in the previous studies and in the present experiments they were used as examples of solutions of crystalloids and of colloids. METHODS AND RESULTSThe experimental animals in all instances were dogs. They were anesthetized by morphine except in the experiments in which an extremity was traumatized. In the latter experiments, sodium barbital, 0.3 gram per kilogram of body weight, was administered intravenously. The animals gave no evidence of pain and were killed at the completion of the experiments. A cannula that was connected to a mercury manometer was placed in the carotid artery for the blood pressure determinations. Samples of blood for the various analyses were obtained from the femoral vein. The blood that was removed was replaced by an equal volume. 291

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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