Intravenous Cefazolin in Penetrating Eye Injuries

Nossov, P C; Alfaro, D. Virgil; Michaud, M.; Winter, Leo; Laughlin, Robert M.; Moss, Sally

doi:10.1097/00006982-199616030-00011

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…However, since the choice of antibiotic and the route of administration in our population varied greatly according to the treating physician, this clinical observation should be looked at cautiously. Indeed, various antibiotics have been shown to have different intravitreal penetration when given intravenously in experimental models [23][24][25][26]. The previously noted low incidence of posttraumatic infection in our pediatric population is consistent with a previous report from Kuwait [15] and other studies [10,14,20,27].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Open Eye Injuries in the Pediatric Population in Kuwait

et al. 2002

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Objective: To report the epidemiological characteristics of pediatric open globe injuries and to discuss treatment, management and outcomes of such injuries. Materials and Method: The hospital records and operative notes of 95 patients 16 years old and younger who were treated for open eye injury at Ibn Sina Hospital, Kuwait between September 1995 and January 1999 were reviewed. The average age of patients was 6.6 years. Patients were divided into three groups according to their final visual acuity (FVA): group 1, FVA of 20/40 or better; group 2, 20/40–20/200, and group 3, 20/400 or worse. The FVA of each group was compared to initial visual acuity (IVA), wound entry site, injury-to-presentation interval, injury-to-surgery interval, time of surgery, duration of surgery, associated injuries and medical treatment. Results: Injury was most common in children 3–6 years old. Most injuries occurred during play at home (46%), between the months of July and November (58%), and evening time (42%). The most common causes were glass, pencil, stick, soft drink bottle, metal bar, and stone. The cornea was the most common entry site (59 cases). Seventy-three patients presented on the day of injury, and 38 of them had surgical repair that same day. The follow-up period ranged from 2 weeks to 58 months. Thirty-eight patients (40%) had an FVA of 20/40 or better (group 1), 23 (24%) between 20/40 and 20/200 (group 2), 12 (13%) 20/400 or worse (group 3), and 22 (23%) had no record of FVA. The difference between IVA and FVA of wound entry site was statistically significant (p < 0.005). Differences due to injury-to-presentation interval, injury-to-surgery interval, time of surgery, duration of surgery, associated injuries, and the use of systemic antibiotics were found not to be statistically significant (p > 0.2). Conclusion: The prevalence of open globe injury among the pediatric population in Kuwait was high. Most injuries were due to household objects and occurred at home in the evening during the summer and autumn. IVA and anatomical location of the wound impacted on final outcome.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Open Eye Injuries in the Pediatric Population in Kuwait

et al. 2002

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Current Concepts in the Treatment of Traumatic Injury to the Posterior Segment

Reppucci¹,

Movshovich²

1999

Ophthalmology Clinics of North America

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Intraocular penetration of antimicrobial agents in ophthalmic infections and drug delivery strategies

Velpandian

2009

Expert Opinion on Drug Delivery

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Conventionally, antimicrobial drugs developed and approved for systemic infections are re-investigated for ocular infections. However, developing a new antimicrobial agent with good intraocular penetration by considering the anatomical and physiological constraints exerted by the barriers of eye is not a popularly perceived strategy. For the last three to four decades much emphasis has been placed on drug delivery systems to enhance the ocular penetration of antimicrobial agents. In order to compare ocular drug delivery strategies for ocular infections, the existing studies and methods were revisited using an extensive literature search. The present analysis also encompasses the scientific outcomes of endophthalmitis studies to interpret the intraocular penetration data of various antimicrobial agents and their requirements before and after the onset of inflammation. This article critically analyses the systemic and topical drug delivery methods adopted for antimicrobial use and their applicability to the newer class of antimicrobial agents, thus giving space for further developments. This review emphasizes the requirement of stage-by-stage insights about ocular infections, the need for an eye-specific antimicrobial agent and the inevitability of an appropriate drug delivery approach to revolutionize future therapy.

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Intravenous Cefazolin in Penetrating Eye Injuries

Cited by 3 publications

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Open Eye Injuries in the Pediatric Population in Kuwait

Open Eye Injuries in the Pediatric Population in Kuwait

Current Concepts in the Treatment of Traumatic Injury to the Posterior Segment

Intraocular penetration of antimicrobial agents in ophthalmic infections and drug delivery strategies

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