Intravenous Anesthetic Drugs

Effects of ketamine, propofol, or thiopental administration on intraocular pressure and qualities of induction of and recovery from anesthesia in horses

“…Thus, they suggested that the administration of 90 mg of guaifenesin/kg followed by 3 mg of propofol/kg would be sufficient to induce anesthesia in > 99% of healthy unsedated horses. 27 Although it is not possible to confirm whether the doses of thiopental, propofol, and ketamine used in the present study are exactly equipotent, these doses are used to achieve the same anesthetic endpoint (centrally mediated immobility) in similar populations (> 99% of healthy adult horses) and are, on the basis of the available literature, 29 clinical experience, and common equine anesthetic practice, approximately equipotent.…”

“…29 Additionally, propofol has pharmacokinetic characteristics that would allow rapid recovery, 29 and use of this drug is commonly associated with a good to excellent quality of recovery from anesthesia with minimal ataxia in horses. 24,25,29,30 However, direct comparisons between single induction doses of all 3 agents under identical experimental conditions appear to be currently lacking.…”

“…In horses, cardiorespiratory function is maintained when ketamine is used, 28,29 whereas propofol or thiopental administration is commonly associated with cardiorespiratory depression. 29 Additionally, propofol has pharmacokinetic characteristics that would allow rapid recovery, 29 and use of this drug is commonly associated with a good to excellent quality of recovery from anesthesia with minimal ataxia in horses.…”

Qualitative and quantitative interpretation of computed tomography of the lungs in healthy neonatal foals

“…42 Propofol, butorphanol, and, to a lesser extent, midazolam have dose-and ratedependent respiratory depressant properties; propofol in particular can induce apnea. 43,44 These depressant properties can decrease a patient' s usual ventilatory response to PaCO 2 . 43,44 Six of the 10 foals used in the study required propofol prior to starting the CT scan.…”

“…43,44 These depressant properties can decrease a patient' s usual ventilatory response to PaCO 2 . 43,44 Six of the 10 foals used in the study required propofol prior to starting the CT scan. Interestingly, propofol administration was not associated with worsening of atelectasis or increases in lung attenuation as might be expected if its use exacerbated the respiratory depressant effect of the other medications.…”