Intrauterine Transfer of Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in Mother–Infant Dyads as Analyzed at Time of Delivery

Woodard, Vanessa; Thoene, Melissa; Ormer, Matthew Van; Thompson, Maranda; Hanson, Corrine; Natarajan, Sathish Kumar; Mukherjee, Maheswari; Yuil‐Valdes, Ana; Nordgren, Tara M.; Ulu, Arzu; Jackson, Kristina Harris; Anderson‐Berry, Ann

doi:10.3390/nu13030996

Cited by 12 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Median nutrient concentrations in maternal and cord blood at the time of delivery are shown in Tables 2 and 3, respectively. Consistently with previous findings, cord plasma PUFA concentrations were lower than maternal plasma PUFA concentrations in our cohort [27].…”

Section: Baseline Characteristicssupporting

confidence: 94%

“…A total of 55 mother-infant pairs were enrolled in this study. Median maternal age was 30 years (24)(25)(26)(27)(28)(29)(30)(31)(32)(33)(34); median birth corrected gestational age was 39.3 weeks (36.7-40). In terms of race/ethnic group, we found that 58.2% of mothers were White, 20% were Black or African American, 10.9% were Hispanic, 1.8% were Asian or Pacific Islander, and 9.1% identified as other or unknown.…”

Section: Baseline Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Levels in Maternal and Cord Plasma Are Associated with Maternal Socioeconomic Status

Hergenrader,

VanOrmer,

Slotkowski

et al. 2023

Nutrients

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Omega-3 (n-3) polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) play a crucial role in fetal growth and neurodevelopment, while omega-6 (n-6) PUFAs have been associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes. Previous studies have demonstrated that socioeconomic status (SES) influences dietary intake of n-3 and n-6 PUFAs, but few studies have evaluated the association between maternal and cord plasma biomarkers of PUFAs and socioeconomic markers. An IRB-approved study enrolled mother–infant pairs (n = 55) at the time of delivery. Maternal and cord plasma PUFA concentrations were analyzed using gas chromatography. Markers of SES were obtained from validated surveys and maternal medical records. Mann–Whitney U tests and linear regression models were utilized for statistical analysis. Maternal eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) (p = 0.02), cord EPA (p = 0.04), and total cord n-3 PUFA concentrations (p = 0.04) were significantly higher in college-educated mothers vs. mothers with less than a college education after adjustment for relevant confounders. Insurance type and household income were not significantly associated with n-3 or n-6 PUFA plasma concentrations after adjustment. Our findings suggest that mothers with lower educational status may be at risk of lower plasma concentrations of n-3 PUFAs at delivery, which could confer increased susceptibility to adverse pregnancy and birth outcomes.

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Section: Baseline Characteristicssupporting

confidence: 94%

Section: Baseline Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Levels in Maternal and Cord Plasma Are Associated with Maternal Socioeconomic Status

Hergenrader,

VanOrmer,

Slotkowski

et al. 2023

Nutrients

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“…Maternal adipose tissue together with maternal dietary supply are crucial fetal sources of LC-PUFAs [ 16 ]. While in utero, the transference of nutrients across the placenta is the single source of nutrition, and the n-6 and n-3 PUFAs have to cross the placenta preferentially through fatty acid transporters [ 43 ]. FATP1 and FATP4 are the only transporters with acyl-CoA-synthetase activity that prevent PUFA efflux [ 44 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Placental AA/EPA Ratio Is Associated with Obesity Risk Parameters in the Offspring at 6 Years of Age

Gómez-Vilarrubla

Mas-Parés

Carreras‐Badosa

et al. 2023

IJMS

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During pregnancy, maternal polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) are transferred to the fetus through the placenta by specific FA transporters (FATP). A higher perinatal exposure to n-6 over n-3 PUFA could be linked to excess fat mass and obesity development later in life. In this context, we aimed to assess the associations between long chain PUFAs (LC-PUFAs) (n-6, n-3, and n-6/n-3 ratios) measured in the placenta at term birth with obesity-related parameters in the offspring at 6 years of age and assess whether these associations are dependent on the placental relative expression of fatty acid transporters. As results, the PUFAn-6/PUFAn-3 ratio was 4/1, which scaled up to 15/1 when considering only the arachidonic acid/eicosapentaenoic acid ratio (AA/EPA ratio). Positive associations between the AA/EPA ratio and offspring’s obesity risk parameters were found with weight-SDS, BMI-SDS, percent fat mass-SDS, visceral fat, and HOMA-IR (r from 0.204 to 0.375; all p < 0.05). These associations were more noticeable in those subjects with higher expression of fatty acid transporters. Therefore, in conclusion, a higher placental AA/EPA ratio is positively associated with offspring’s visceral adiposity and obesity risk parameters, which become more apparent in subjects with higher expressions of placental FATPs. Our results support the potential role of n-6 and n-3 LC-PUFA in the fetal programming of obesity risk in childhood. For the present study, 113 healthy pregnant women were recruited during the first trimester of pregnancy and their offspring were followed up at 6 years of age. The fatty acid profiles and the expression of fatty acid transporters (FATP1 and FATP4) were analyzed from placental samples at birth. Associations between LC-PUFA (n-6, n-3, and n-6/n-3 ratios) and obesity risk parameters (weight, body mass index (BMI), percent fat mass, visceral fat, and homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR)) in the offspring at 6 years of age were examined.

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“…Omega-3 fatty acids play a positive role in maternal-infant health, but maternal consumption of omega-3 fatty acids is often inadequate. [72][73][74] Diets rich in omega-3 fatty acids may reduce the risk of hypertension and HF by improving left ventricular ejection fraction, restoring arterial compliance, influencing autonomic tone, and reducing electrical excitability in the plasma membrane. [75][76][77] What Is Known in SSA?…”

Section: Heart Failurementioning

confidence: 99%

Hypertension Related Co-Morbidities and Complications in Women of Sub-Saharan Africa: A Brief Review

Hahka,

Slotkowski,

Akbar

et al. 2024

Circulation Research

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Hypertension is the leading cause of cardiovascular disease in women, and sub-Saharan African (SSA) countries have some of the highest rates of hypertension in the world. Expanding knowledge of causes, management, and awareness of hypertension and its co-morbidities worldwide is an effective strategy to mitigate its harms, decrease morbidities and mortality, and improve individual quality of life. Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDPs) are a particularly important subset of hypertension, as pregnancy is a major stress test of the cardiovascular system and can be the first instance in which cardiovascular disease is clinically apparent. In SSA, women experience a higher incidence of HDP compared with other African regions. However, the region has yet to adopt treatment and preventative strategies for HDP. This delay stems from insufficient awareness, lack of clinical screening for hypertension, and lack of prevention programs. In this brief literature review, we will address the long-term consequences of hypertension and HDP in women. We evaluate the effects of uncontrolled hypertension in SSA by including research on heart disease, stroke, kidney disease, peripheral arterial disease, and HDP. Limitations exist in the number of studies from SSA; therefore, we will use data from countries across the globe, comparing and contrasting approaches in similar and dissimilar populations. Our review highlights an urgent need to prioritize public health, clinical, and bench research to discover cost-effective preventative and treatment strategies that will improve the lives of women living with hypertension in SSA.

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Intrauterine Transfer of Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in Mother–Infant Dyads as Analyzed at Time of Delivery

Cited by 12 publications

References 34 publications

Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Levels in Maternal and Cord Plasma Are Associated with Maternal Socioeconomic Status

Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Levels in Maternal and Cord Plasma Are Associated with Maternal Socioeconomic Status

Placental AA/EPA Ratio Is Associated with Obesity Risk Parameters in the Offspring at 6 Years of Age

Hypertension Related Co-Morbidities and Complications in Women of Sub-Saharan Africa: A Brief Review

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