Intrauterine insulin resistance in fetuses of overweight mothers

Liu, Bin; Xu, Yun; Liang, Jianming; Voss, Courtney; Xiao, Huanyu; Sheng, Wei-yang; Sun, Yanhong; Wang, Zilian

doi:10.1111/j.1447-0756.2012.01919.x

Cited by 7 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Higher circulating levels of inflammatory cytokines, insulin resistance and hyperinsulinemia, and dyslipidemia may cause permanent changes in the developing fetus. In one study of women from China, cord blood SHBG levels were lower among babies born to overweight mothers, most of whom had gestational diabetes [ 38 ]. In the current study, we found no inverse relationship between maternal obesity or weight gain during pregnancy with SHBG in the newborns of nondiabetic women, and no relationship between SHBG and neonatal markers of obesity including skin fold thickness and the Ponderal index, or to cord blood levels of the cytokine TNF∝.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Obesity, maternal smoking and SHBG in neonates

Dharashivkar

Wasser

Baumgartner

et al. 2016

Diabetol Metab Syndr

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BackgroundSex hormone binding globulin (SHBG), a glycoprotein produced by hepatocytes that transports testosterone and other steroids in plasma, is a marker for developing metabolic syndrome and T2DM. SHBG is present in umbilical cord blood where it may be epigenetically regulated. This study was conducted to investigate whether the fetal environment, based on maternal pre-pregnancy weight, pregnancy weight gain or smoking during pregnancy, influence SHBG in newborns.MethodsMaternal and newborn characteristics and SHBG levels and other variables were measured in cord and day 2 heel-stick blood samples in 60 healthy full-term singleton babies (31 F, 29 M).ResultsSHBG levels varied nearly fivefold among male and female newborns and were unrelated to sex, neonatal adiposity, determined by the Ponderal index and skinfold thickness, nor TNF∝ in cord blood. There were also no statistically significant associations between pre-pregnancy weight or pregnancy weight gain and newborn SHBG levels. However, cord blood SHBG was higher and insulin levels were lower when mothers were smokers, but normalized by day 2.DiscussionWhile SHBG levels are low in obese children and adults, and portend the development of metabolic syndrome and T2DM, our study of healthy babies born to normal women, found no connection between maternal obesity or newborn adiposity and SHBG levels in newborns. Insofar as women who smoked during pregnancy were thinner and had lower cord blood insulin levels than nonsmokers, higher SHBG in their newborns at birth might have been due to insulin sensitivity, or perhaps to an effect of smoking on placental gene expression.ConclusionsFactors other than maternal weight and pregnancy weight gain appear to be the major determinants of SHBG in newborns. Higher SHBG levels when mothers smoke during pregnancy may contribute to overweight beginning later in childhood. Whether newborn SHBG levels predict the development of overweight and metabolic syndrome remains to be determined.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Obesity, maternal smoking and SHBG in neonates

Dharashivkar

Wasser

Baumgartner

et al. 2016

Diabetol Metab Syndr

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“…Whether SHBG plays a physiological role during fetal life is unknown. In one study of women from China, cord blood SHBG levels were lower among babies born to overweight mothers, most of whom had gestational diabetes ( 7 ).…”

Section: Sex Hormone-binding Globulin In Children and Adolescentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sex Hormone-Binding Globulin in Children and Adolescents

Aydın¹,

Winters²

2016

Jcrpe

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Sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) is a circulating glycoprotein that transports testosterone and other steroids in the blood. Interest in SHBG has escalated in recent years because of its inverse association with obesity and insulin resistance, and because many studies have linked lower circulating levels of SHBG to metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, polycystic ovary syndrome, and early puberty. The purpose of this review is to summarize molecular, clinical, endocrine, and epidemiological findings to illustrate how measurement of plasma SHBG may be useful in clinical medicine in children.

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“…In one study of women from China [22], cord blood SHBG levels were lower among babies born to overweight mothers, most of whom had gestational diabetes (GDM). Several studies, however, found similar SHBG levels in cord blood of babies born to mothers with GDM vs. controls [17,18,22,23]. Cord blood insulin was higher in babies born to mothers with GDM [17,18] but no consistent relationship between insulin and SHBG in cord blood has been found [17,18,21,23].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cord blood SHBG levels are slightly higher in males than females [14,15], and some studies [16,17] but not others [18,19] identified ethnic variation. No consistent associations between newborn SHBG levels with birth weight (BW) [18,20,21], maternal pregnancy weight [18,21,22] or pregnancy weight gain [21,22] have been found. In one study of women from China [22], cord blood SHBG levels were lower among babies born to overweight mothers, most of whom had gestational diabetes (GDM).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…No consistent associations between newborn SHBG levels with birth weight (BW) [18,20,21], maternal pregnancy weight [18,21,22] or pregnancy weight gain [21,22] have been found. In one study of women from China [22], cord blood SHBG levels were lower among babies born to overweight mothers, most of whom had gestational diabetes (GDM). Several studies, however, found similar SHBG levels in cord blood of babies born to mothers with GDM vs. controls [17,18,22,23].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Impact of Smoking, Obesity and Maternal Diabetes on SHBG Levels in Newborns

Aydın

Yasa

Moore

et al. 2021

Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes

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Background Low levels of SHBG have become a marker for insulin resistance and diabetes. Babies born to mothers who are obese, have diabetes, or smoke during pregnancy are at greater risk of developing obesity and diabetes later in life. Aims To examine the impact of maternal obesity, diabetes and smoking on SHBG levels in newborns. Study design This cross-sectional study is part of an ongoing multicenter, longitudinal study. Subjects 98 healthy newborns and their parents, including 16 mothers with diabetes and 31 mothers with a smoking history. Outcome measures Cord blood and second day venipuncture samples were collected for measurement of SHBG and insulin. Results Babies born to mothers with diabetes had lower SHBG levels in cord blood [14.0 (8.9–20.4) vs. 19.6 (14.9–25.1) nmol/L; p=0.011] and on day 2 [18.8 (12.6–21.2) vs. 22.9 (17.1–29.1) nmol/L; p=0.015] than controls. Maternal diabetes remained negatively associated with SHBG levels in cord blood (p=0.02) and on day 2 (p=0.04) when adjusted for mothers’ age, smoking status, pre-pregnancy weight and weight gain during pregnancy. SHBG levels in cord blood and day 2 samples were similar in babies born to mothers who were overweight-obese but not diabetic vs. normal weight, or were smokers when compared to non-smokers. Conclusions: SHBG levels are lower in newborns born to mothers with diabetes than without diabetes, and may be a marker for babies’ life-long risk for abnormal metabolic health. On the other hand, the adverse effects of tobacco smoke on the fetus do not appear to directly influence SHBG levels.

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Intrauterine insulin resistance in fetuses of overweight mothers

Abstract: Intrauterine insulin resistance is more prominent in fetuses of overweight mothers, an effect that is decreased by weight gain control during pregnancy.

Cited by 7 publications

References 31 publications

Obesity, maternal smoking and SHBG in neonates

Obesity, maternal smoking and SHBG in neonates

Sex Hormone-Binding Globulin in Children and Adolescents

Impact of Smoking, Obesity and Maternal Diabetes on SHBG Levels in Newborns

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