Intrauterine Growth Retardation

Markers of Maternal Insulin Resistance and Lipid Ratios Measured in Early Pregnancy Are Related to Adverse Fetomaternal Outcomes in Women Treated for Hyperglycemia Detected in Early Pregnancy—Data from a Retrospective Cohort Study

“…Our cohort of patients with hyperglycemia diagnosed in early pregnancy differs from populations with hyperglycemia diagnosed in the third trimester, as regards an unusually high proportion of newborns with a ponderal index suggestive of SGA [ 31 ]. Studies of patients with GDM describe a pattern of a predominant high PI, suggestive of fetal adiposity [ 10 ].…”

“…Cases in which any ANOs occurred were defined as a composite adverse neonatal outcome (cANO). We calculated a Ponderal Index (PI) from neonatal anthropometrics, and considered a PI above 3.0 g/cm 3 as a high PI, and a PI below 2.2 g/cm 3 as a low PI [ 31 , 32 ]. To refer birth weight in our cohort to the general population, we calculated z-scores for birth weights.…”

Evaluation of early third-trimester ultrasound screening for intrauterine growth retardation.

“…Early detection o f IUGR is essential for effective obstetric manage ment, whether in attempts to enha nce fetal growth and well· being by such means as maternal bed rest, nutritional supplementation, and oxygen, 22 or in early delivery of the growth-retarded infant to avert late fetal complications or death. 23 Nomograms of AC 1 ' and HC 16 have been developed in a largely Caucasian middle class population of women on whom ultrasound was performed within two weeks of delivery. Formulas for EFW have similarly been validated in studies of ultrasound examinations performed within 2 weeks, 11 3 days, n or as little as 2 days of delivery .…”

Definition of Fetal Growth Restriction According to Constitutional Growth Potential

“…The multiple regression model giving the expected birth weight logarithm (LnBW*), for an infant according to his (her) constitutional fetal and maternal characteristics, was as follows: LnBW* = a 1 GA + a 2 GA 2 + a 3 GA 3 + b S + c 1 Fetal length growth restriction after accounting for genetic growth potential*…”