Intrauterine fetal death: Five years’ experience in a secondary care hospital.

Abstract

Objectives: The objectives of this study were to estimate the prevalence, preoperative, and operative risk factors associated with the higher risk of SSI in gynecologic cancer patients undergoing surgery in a tertiary care facility in a developing country. Study Design: Retrospective Study. Setting: Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Agha Khan Hospital for Women Garden Karachi, Pakistan. Period: Jan 2012 to Dec 2016. Material & Methods: Retrospective review of medical records of patients over a period of five years from Jan 2012 to Dec 2016 was done. Results: The study consisted of 56 cases of intrauterine fetal demise out of 4813 number of deliveries which occurred during the study duration. Overall estimated rate of intrauterine fetal demise was 11.6 %( 56/4813). Approximately 33.9% of cases did not have a clear cause of fetal death identified and hence were un-explained. In 56 cases, 28.6% had some form of congenital abnormality identified on ultrasound, 7.1% (n=4) had anemia, 23.2% (n=13) IUGR, 5.4% (n=3) placental abruption and 1.8% (n=1) of gestational diabetes and around 83.9% (n=47) had normal vaginal delivery and 8 were delivered by LSCS and only 1 patient had instrumental delivery. Fetal characteristics identified 50% (n=28) were males and 50% (n=28) were females. 4 fetuses were born with tight cord around their neck 58.1% were macerated stillbirths (n=25) while 32.6% were fresh stillbirth. Conclusion: Antepartum intrauterine fetal death or stillbirths in the third trimester, affect the entire family. We conclude from our study that quality antenatal care with health education and timely interventions can reduce the number of intrauterine fetal deaths thus reducing the psychological sequelae.