Intratubular germ cell neoplasia of the testis: Identification by placental alkaline phosphatase immunostaining and argyrophilic nucleolar organizer region quantification

Loftus, Barbara; Gilmartin, Linda G.; O’Brien, Michael; Carney, Desmond N.; Dervan, P.

doi:10.1016/0046-8177(90)90179-9

Cited by 22 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…[76][77][78][79][80] Staining in a cytoplasmic membrane pattern is seen in IGCNU ( fig 15C) but not in normal spermatogonia, non-IGNCU atypical germ cells or in Sertoli cells. 76-78 80 The sensitivity of PLAP for this purpose varies from 83% to 100%.…”

Section: Intratubular Atypical Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphological approach to tumours of the testis and paratestis

Emerson

Ulbright

2007

J Clin Pathol

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Most neoplastic scrotal masses ultimately prove to be germ cell tumours and are recognisable with routine haematoxylin and eosin-stained sections. The differential diagnosis may be focused, even before reviewing histological sections, by knowledge of patient age, medical history, tumour site (testicular vs paratesticular) and gross findings. Some cases may prove to be diagnostically challenging, including rare tumours, a common tumour with an unusual pattern, a metastatic tumour, or a neoplasm with features that mimic another tumour. Several morphological patterns are seen with some frequency and these generate recurring sets of differential diagnostic considerations. These common patterns include testicular tumours with a predominant diffuse arrangement of cells with pale to clear cytoplasm, tumours with a glandular/tubular pattern, tumours with a microcystic pattern and tumours composed of oxyphilic cells. Intratubular proliferations of atypical cells, paratesticular glandular and/or papillary tumours, or tumours with spindle cell morphology can also be challenging to diagnose correctly. In some problematic cases, immunohistochemical staining may be useful to resolve these differential diagnoses.

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Section: Intratubular Atypical Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphological approach to tumours of the testis and paratestis

Emerson

Ulbright

2007

J Clin Pathol

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“…In all AgNOR-stained sections, CIS tubules were easily distinguished from normals by the presence of only one layer of cells along the thickened tubule wall and by the lack of spermatogenesis.22 CIS cells within these tubules were identified by their abundant cytoplasm and large irregularly shaped nuclei. [18][19][20]22 Sertoli cells and spermatogonia were also easily distinguishable from other cells by their location and (Fig. 1).…”

Section: Patterns Of Agnorsmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…This may explain why values demonstrated in different laboratories vary greatly and are hardly Comparable. [18][19][20] In order to overcome these limitations, we have quantified the area of AgNORs in the nuclei by computer-aided image analysis; the equipment is expensive, but may improve AgNOR evaluation. One of our aims was to investigate whether significant differences could be established, by computer-aided quantification, between AgNORs in CIS and spermatogonia.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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INVESTIGATION OF CARCINOMAIN SITU CELLS OF TESTIS BY QUANTIFICATION OF ARGYROPHILIC NUCLEOLAR ORGANIZER REGION ASSOCIATED PROTEINS (AgNORs)

1996

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The silver staining which specifically stains argyrophilic proteins (AgNORs) in interphase nuclei was applied to paraffin sections of 24 testicular specimens with carcinoma in situ (CIS). AgNOR area per nucleus was quantified by a computerized image analyser. Significant quantitative differences were found between CIS, Sertoli cells, and spermatogonia (P=0·0001), with median values of 10·3, 2·8, and 1·4 μm2 in the three cell types, respectively. A Sertoli cell index (SCI), defined as the ratio between AgNORs in CIS or spermatogonia and Sertoli cells, was shown to be significant in the differential diagnosis of CIS cells from spermatogonia when 1·0 was used as the cut‐off value (CIS>1; spermatogonia<1). Furthermore, CIS associated with non‐seminoma was found to have a significantly higher level of AgNORs than CIS associated with pure seminoma (P<0·01), indicating that subclonal variation in transformation potential might be present within morphologically identical CIS of the testis. It remains to be seen whether quantification of AgNORs in isolated CIS could be used to predict transformation of CIS into seminoma or non‐seminoma.

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“…The silver-stainability of acidic nonhistone proteins of the nucleolus during interphase and in the NORs of metaphase chromosomes is a direct measure of the transcriptional activity of the ribosomal RNA genes (Hubbell, 1985;Haaf et al, 1988) and has also been used for determining malignant transformations of intratubular germ cells (Delahunt et al, 1990;Loftus et al, 1990). Postmeiotically, silver-stainable nucleolar substance has been shown to abolish after prophase pachytene, reappear in the first stages of spermiogenesis, but to disappear once more during the elongation phase (Hofgartner et al, 1979;Ironside and 1979; Schmid et al, 1982, 1983, Mirre and Knibiehler, 1985Lunghi et al, 1987;Dadoune et al, 1991).…”

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confidence: 99%