Intrathoracic calcifications: radiographic features and differential diagnoses.

Pulmonary calcification in hemodialysis patients: Correlation with pulmonary artery pressure values

“…X-ray film and computerized tomography (CT) of the chest, high resolution computed tomography scan with mediastinal images, technetium 99m-labeled [ 99m Tc]-MDP bone scanning, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) have all shown variable diagnostic values in detecting PC [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15]. 99m Tc-MDP bone scintigraphy is considered to be a sensitive measure of PC in ESRD, and, in addition, enables semiquantitative evaluation of the PC [11].…”

Broncholith Caused by Donor-acquired Histoplasmosis in a Lung Transplant Recipient

“…Resolved disease leaves calcified pulmonary nodules, calcified mediastinal lymph nodes and liver/splenic calcifications. 3 Laboratory evaluation in suspected individuals should include antigen testing of urine, alveolar lavage fluid, cultures of the lavage fluid and serology testing for histoplasmosis. Broncholithiasis is an uncommon but delayed complication of histoplasmosis (35% to 45%), which occurs when the calcified node undergoes dystrophic changes, erodes into the airways causing obstruction and an inflammatory reaction that distorts the bronchus.…”

“…Depending on its size and density, a broncholith may not be visible on a chest radiograph despite the symptoms. 3 Atelectasis, air-trapping, post-obstructive consolidation and occasionally distal brochiectasis with mucus plug are suggestive for endobronchial obstruction. 3 Thin collimation helical computed tomography (CT) with multiplanar reconstructions is the primary imaging tool to detect broncholithisasis.…”

“…3 Atelectasis, air-trapping, post-obstructive consolidation and occasionally distal brochiectasis with mucus plug are suggestive for endobronchial obstruction. 3 Thin collimation helical computed tomography (CT) with multiplanar reconstructions is the primary imaging tool to detect broncholithisasis. Bone window setting (level: Ϫ300 Houndsfield units; window: 1,800 to 2,000) precisely demonstrates peri-or endobronchial calcific material.…”

Chest Including Lungs and Mediastinum

“…Axial CT image in a young woman who presented to emergency department with chest pain shows pneumothorax with multiple cysts in both lungs ( white arrows ). The cysts are rounded and have well-defi ned walls, but unlike emphysema, they are not polygonal hyperparathyroidism, sarcoidosis, and multiple myeloma (Brown et al 1994 ;Chan et al 2002 ). The typical appearance is of near-symmetrical illdefi ned fl uffy opacities in the upper lungs, but these can be seen in the lower zones as well.…”