Intrathecal Administration of Mesenchymal Stem Cells Reduces the Reactive Oxygen Species and Pain Behavior in Neuropathic Rats

Abstract

BackgroundNeuropathic pain induced by spinal or peripheral nerve injury is very resistant to common pain killers, nerve block, and other pain management approaches. Recently, several studies using stem cells suggested a new way to control the neuropatic pain. In this study, we used the spinal nerve L5 ligation (SNL) model to investigate whether intrathecal rat mesenchymal stem cells (rMSCs) were able to decrease pain behavior, as well as the relationship between rMSCs and reactive oxygen species (ROS).MethodsNeuropathic pain of the left hind paw was induced by unilateral SNL in Sprague-Dawley rats (n = 10 in each group). Mechanical sensitivity was assessed using Von Frey filaments at 3, 7, 10, 12, 14, 17, and 24 days post-ligation. rMSCs (10 µl, 1 × 105) or phosphate buffer saline (PBS, 10 µl) was injected intrathecally at 7 days post-ligation. Dihydroethidium (DHE), an oxidative fluorescent dye, was used to detect ROS at 24 days post-ligation.ResultsTight ligation of the L5 spinal nerve induced allodynia in the left hind paw after 3 days post-ligation. ROS expression was increased significantly (P < 0.05) in spinal dorsal horn of L5. Intrathecal rMSCs significantly (P < 0.01) alleviated the allodynia at 10 days after intrathecal injection (17 days post-ligation). Intrathecal rMSCs administration significantly (P < 0.05) reduced ROS expression in the spinal dorsal horn.ConclusionsThese results suggest that rMSCs may modulate neuropathic pain generation through ROS expression after spinal nerve ligation.

Antibacterial and Osteogenic Stem Cell Differentiation Properties of Photoinduced TiO 2 Nanoparticle-Decorated TiO 2 Nanotubes

“…OC is related with the maturation of the osteoblast population and subsequent spontaneous mineralization. The UV light may activate the surface of Ti to produce ROS, which may trigger membrane lipid peroxidation and cause an antibacterial effect [49]. As a bone extracellular matrix vesicle, OC is mainly responsible for the formation of mineralized tissue and can protect the environment for mineralization when connected to calcium ions and hydroxyapatite.…”

The Effect of Bone Marrow–Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation on Allodynia and Hyperalgesia in Neuropathic Animals: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis

“…Of these, 136 potentially relevant papers were screened. Finally, 13 full-text articles were included for the meta-analysis and were studied in detail [6,[22][23][24][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41] (Table 1). In addition, 1 eligible unpublished set of data, which were obtained from an experiment in our lab, were included in the analysis (unpublished data, F. Nasirinezhad, July 2015).…”

“…These citations contained a total of 373 rats/mice including 206 BMMSC-treated animals and 167 controls. Of the 14 articles, 4 reported only the impact of BMMSCs transplantation on hyperalgesia [22,35,39,40] and 4 assessed its effect on allodynia [23,33,34,41]. Six articles evaluated the effect on both [6,24,[36][37][38].…”

“…These studies have lacked a proper randomized control group and have been underpowered. However, a substantial number of controlled preclinical studies have investigated the effect of BMMSCs on neuropathic pain [6,[22][23][24][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41]. These studies revealed various degrees of improvement of neuropathic pain and symptoms, such as allodynia and hyperalgesia.…”

Antinociceptive and neuroprotective effects of bromelain in chronic constriction injury-induced neuropathic pain in Wistar rats

“…The levels of superoxide have been found to be increased in the dorsal horn of the spinal cord and dorsal root ganglia following sciatic nerve constriction [4]. Increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) initiate and maintain both peripheral and central sensitivity which result in hyperalgesic symptoms in neuropathic pain [5]. Systemic injection of a ROS scavenger such as phenyl-N-tert-butylnitrone, 5,5,-dimethyl-1-pyrroline-N-oxide, vitamin E, and 4-hydroxy-2,2,6,6,tetramethylpiperidone-N-oxyl have been demonstrated to ameliorate neuropathic pain symptoms [6].…”