Intraspecific variation in the alkaloids of Adalia decempunctata (Coleoptera, Coccinellidae): sex, reproduction and colour pattern polymorphism.
MUHAMMAD ASLAM,
Oldřich Nedvěd,
JOHN J. SLOGGETT
Abstract:In this paper, we examine intraspecific variation in the quantity of alkaloid chemical defence in field collected individuals of the polymorphic ladybird beetle Adalia decempunctata (10spot ladybird). Like its more widely studied relative Adalia bipunctata (2-spot ladybird), A. decempunctata possesses the alkaloids adaline and adalinine, which are, respectively, the major alkaloids of A. bipunctata. We focused especially on alkaloid concentration in relation to colour pattern morph, sex, and the relationship b… Show more
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