Intraspecific variability of responses to combined metal contamination and immune challenge among wild fish populations

Although it is widely stated that both mating behavior and sperm traits are energetically costly for males, we currently lack empirical estimates of the relative costs to males of pre‐ versus postcopulatory investments. Such estimates require the experimental separation of the act of mating from that of ejaculation, which is a nontrivial logistical challenge. Here, we overcome this challenge using a novel morphological manipulation (gonopodium tip ablation) in the eastern mosquitofish (Gambusia holbrooki) to tease apart investment in mating effort from that in sperm replenishment following ejaculation. We quantified the relative cumulative costs of investing in mating effort and ejaculation by comparing somatic traits and reproductive performance among three types of males: ablated males that could attempt to mate but not ejaculate; unablated males that could both mate and ejaculate; and control males that had no access to females. We show that, after eight weeks, mating investment significantly reduces both body growth and immunocompetence and results in a significant decline in mating effort. In contrast, cumulative investment into sperm replenishment following ejaculation has few detectable effects that are only apparent in smaller males. These minor costs occur despite the fact that G. holbrooki has very high levels of sperm competition and multiple mating by both sexes, which is usually associated with elevated levels of sperm production. Crucially, our study is the first, to our knowledge, to experimentally compare the relative costs of pre‐ and postcopulatory investment on components of male fitness in a vertebrate.

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“…2019; Petitjean et al. 2021). PHA‐stimulated response provides an effective evaluation of inflammation and cellular immune function (Goto et al.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantifying the costs of pre- and postcopulatory traits for males: Evidence that costs of ejaculation are minor relative to mating effort

2021

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“…Given the sedentary behavior of gudgeons, individuals caught in the present study may have been more resistant or tolerant to pollutants because they had been exposed over several generations, whereas fishes from less exposed environments can be more sensitive to pollution (Petitjean et al, 2021). Accordingly, microadaptation mechanisms of detoxification (Knapen et al, 2004) could explain the absence of pollutant accumulation over time, because of a faster rate of metabolization and excretion (Loria et al, 2019).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Other factors could have been explored to further assess the vulnerability/tolerance of fish to chemical pollutants, such as individual sex, which was not tested in the present study (Petitjean et al, 2021), neurotoxicological markers (Beghin et al, 2021), DNA damage (Silva et al, 2021). Examination of alterations in the microbiota of exposed gudgeons could also be an interesting approach because the constant exposure to subinhibitory concentrations of antibiotics may induce dysbiosis (Labitt et al, 2021) and impact biotransformation efficiency (Tan et al, 2022).…”

Section: Toxicological Effects On Caged Fishmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contrasted Antibiotics and Pesticides Occurrence in Fish Exposed In Situ to Urban Effluents: A 20‐Day Caging Experiment

Marchand,

Petit,

Alliot

et al. 2024

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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Urban freshwater ecosystems receive a wide array of organic pollutants through wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) discharges and agricultural runoff. Evaluating the fate and effects of antibiotics and pesticides can be a challenging task, especially the effects on freshwater vertebrates because of their abilities to metabolize and excrete these chemicals, and because of their high mobility and escape behavior when exposed to stressful environmental conditions. In the present study, 37 wild gudgeons (Gobio gobio) were caged for a period of up to 20 days, upstream and downstream of a WWTP effluent discharge in the Orge River (a tributary of the Seine River, France). The pesticides and antibiotics’ levels were weekly monitored in the fish muscles and compared to environmental contamination (water and sediments). Our results highlighted a slight impregnation of pesticides in the gudgeon muscles, at the downstream site, after 20 days of exposure. Concerning antibiotics, ofloxacin was the most detected compound in fish muscles (85% of occurrence) and ranged from undetectable to 8 ng.g‐1 dry weight. Antibiotic levels in fish muscle were not higher at the downstream site and did not increase with exposure duration, despite high levels in the water (up to 29 times greater than upstream). Potential ecotoxicological effects were also evaluated: body condition did not differ between the caging location and exposure time. Three oxidative status markers in the fish livers showed significant shifts after 14 days of caging. Our results suggest a high clearance rate of antibiotics and to a lesser extent, of pesticides in wild gudgeons, which could be explained by changes in xenobiotic metabolism with pollutant exposure.

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“…1–6 They have become part of our day-to-day life; however, the overuse/mishandling of metal ions leads to serious contamination of our ecological system that may be detrimental to human health and other living organisms. 7–11…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[1][2][3][4][5][6] They have become part of our day-to-day life; however, the overuse/mishandling of metal ions leads to serious contamination of our ecological system that may be detrimental to human health and other living organisms. [7][8][9][10][11] For example, Zn 2+ , a bio-relevant metal ion, is involved in various biological processes such as cell division, gene transcription, bio-catalysis, signal transmission and matrix metalloproteinase regulation. [12][13][14][15][16][17] But, an excess intake of Zn 2+ can suppress the absorption of Fe and/or Cu in humans leading to various physiological disorders.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Turn-on detection of Al³⁺ and Zn²⁺ ions by a NSN donor probe: reversibility, logic gates and DFT calculations

Naithani,

Goswami,

Singh

et al. 2023

Anal. Methods

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Intraspecific variability of responses to combined metal contamination and immune challenge among wild fish populations

Cited by 16 publications

References 123 publications

Quantifying the costs of pre- and postcopulatory traits for males: Evidence that costs of ejaculation are minor relative to mating effort

Quantifying the costs of pre- and postcopulatory traits for males: Evidence that costs of ejaculation are minor relative to mating effort

Contrasted Antibiotics and Pesticides Occurrence in Fish Exposed In Situ to Urban Effluents: A 20‐Day Caging Experiment

Turn-on detection of Al³⁺ and Zn²⁺ ions by a NSN donor probe: reversibility, logic gates and DFT calculations

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Intraspecific variability of responses to combined metal contamination and immune challenge among wild fish populations

Cited by 16 publications

References 123 publications

Quantifying the costs of pre- and postcopulatory traits for males: Evidence that costs of ejaculation are minor relative to mating effort

Quantifying the costs of pre- and postcopulatory traits for males: Evidence that costs of ejaculation are minor relative to mating effort

Contrasted Antibiotics and Pesticides Occurrence in Fish Exposed In Situ to Urban Effluents: A 20‐Day Caging Experiment

Turn-on detection of Al3+ and Zn2+ ions by a NSN donor probe: reversibility, logic gates and DFT calculations

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Turn-on detection of Al³⁺ and Zn²⁺ ions by a NSN donor probe: reversibility, logic gates and DFT calculations