Intraspecific differences in responses to rainshelter-induced drought and competition of Fagus sylvatica L. across Germany

Baudis, Mathias; Ellerbrock, Ruth H.; Felsmann, Katja; Geßler, Arthur; Gimbel, Katharina; Kayler, Zachary; Puhlmann, Heike; Ulrich, Andreas; Weiler, Markus; Welk, Erik; Bruelheide, Helge

doi:10.1016/j.foreco.2014.07.012

Cited by 16 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 68 publications

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“…7 4 ± 4 . 7 4 t o 159.35 ± 341.72 µmol m −2 s −1 (n = 10; see Baudis, Table A6 in their publication) and there were no significant differences in PPFD between roofed and control subplots (Baudis et al 2014). The target precipitation in the drought exposed subplots was close to the precipitation ofthe year 2003, which was an extreme drought year in large parts of Europe (Ciais et al 2005), and 2 years of such conditions in sequence are assumed to impose a strong, though realistic, drought scenario under future climate conditions.…”

Section: Study Site and Experimental Designmentioning

confidence: 88%

“…To assess possible roof effects on the microclimate, air temperature and humidity were measured continuously (sensors: HMP45C 21 with HUMICAP® 180 sensor, Campbell Scientific, Bremen, Germany) under the central roofs and at the corresponding control subplots (Gimbel et al 2015). In addition, measurements of photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD, DELTA OHM, HD 2102.2; Caselle di Selvazzano, Italy) were carried out in late summer 2012 (Baudis et al 2014). Air temperatur, humidity and soil temperature remained unaffected by the roof (Gimbel et al 2015).…”

Section: Study Site and Experimental Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Closure of stomata is a well-known mechanism for short-term regulation of water use under drought conditions (Chaves et al 2002;Flexas et al 2002Flexas et al , 2004Flexas et al , 2008Galmés et al 2007). Beech (Baudis et al 2014;Fotelli et al 2001) and other understory tree seedlings and herbaceous plants (Hommel et al 2014) reduce their stomatal conductance as a first response to drought. Chaves et al (2002) reviewed the stress responses of herbs and annual plants, representing fast growing species, and found that these included stomata closure and a down regulation of photosynthetic activity, and were higher in late summer than in spring and early summer.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Responses of the structure and function of the understory plant communities to precipitation reduction across forest ecosystems in Germany

Felsmann

Baudis

Kayler

et al. 2017

Annals of Forest Science

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& Key message Understory plant communities are essential for the recruitment of trees making up future forests. Independent of plant diversity, the understory across different forest ecosystems shows considerable physiological acclimation and structural stability towards drought events, which are expected to occur more frequently in future. & Context Understory plant communities are essential for the recruitment of trees making up the future forest. It is so far poorly understood how climate change will affect understory in beech and conifer forests managed at different intensity levels. & Aims We hypothesized that drought would affect transpiration and carbon isotope discrimination but not species richness and diversity. Moreover, we assumed that forest management intensity will modify the responses to drought of the understory community. & Methods We set up roofs in forests with a gradient of management intensities (unmanaged beech-managed beech-intensively managed conifer forests) in three regions across Germany. A drought event close to the 2003 drought was imposed in two consecutive years. & Results After 2 years, the realized precipitation reduction was between 27% and 34%. The averaged water content in the top 20 cm of the soil under the roof was reduced by 2% to 8% compared with the control. In the 1st year, leaf level transpiration was reduced for different functional groups, which scaled to community transpiration modified by additional effects of drought on functional group leaf area. Acclimation effects in most functional groups were observed in the 2nd year. & Conclusion Forest understory shows high plasticity at the leaf and community level, and high structural stability to changing climate conditions with drought events.

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Section: Study Site and Experimental Designmentioning

confidence: 88%

Section: Study Site and Experimental Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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Responses of the structure and function of the understory plant communities to precipitation reduction across forest ecosystems in Germany

Felsmann

Baudis

Kayler

et al. 2017

Annals of Forest Science

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“…In total we planted 1080 beech phytometers (90 subplots × 12 individuals). For further information on the experimental design of the phytometer experiment see Baudis et al (2014).…”

Section: Botanical Parameters and Evapotranspirationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Drought in forest understory ecosystems – a novel rainfall reduction experiment

et al. 2015

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Abstract. Precipitation patterns across Central Europe are expected to change over the 21st century due to climate change. This may reduce water availability during the plantgrowing season and hence affect the performance and vitality of forest ecosystems. We established a novel rainfall reduction experiment on nine sites in Germany to investigate drought effects on soil-forest-understory ecosystems. A realistic, but extreme annual drought with a return period of 40 years, which corresponds to the 2.5 % percentile of the annual precipitation, was imposed. At all sites, we were able to reach the target values of rainfall reduction, while other important ecosystem variables like air temperature, humidity, and soil temperature remained unaffected due to the novel design of a flexible roof. The first year of drought showed considerable changes in the soil moisture dynamics relative to the control sites, which affected leaf stomatal conductance of understory species as well as evapotranspiration rates of the forest understory.

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“…The saplings were grown from seeds of three provenances of Germany with a geographical gradient from northeast to southwest Germany and belonged to the following regions: the ''Nordostbrandenburgisches Tiefland'' (BB with 18 individuals), the ''Mitteldeutsches Tief-und Hu¨gelland'' (MD with 24 individuals) and the ''Schwa¨bische Alb'' (SA with 21 individuals). The same provenances were used as in the field trial of Baudis et al (2014). The three origins represented a gradient in mean annual temperature of 8.5, 7.2 and 6.5°C and mean annual precipitation of 589, 533 and 990 mm at BB, MD and SA, respectively.…”

Section: Experimental Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

The response of three Fagus sylvatica L. provenances to water availability at different soil depths

Baudis

Premper

Welk

et al. 2015

Ecological Research

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Current climate change scenarios predict changes in precipitation patterns resulting in a longer and more intensive droughts. These changes pose a challenge for Fagus sylvatica as the most common European deciduous tree species. We asked how different genotypes respond to drought conditions and paid particular attention to how soil moisture availability can be manipulated. We established a tube technique that allowed to add water horizontally at different rooting depths, which allowed to measure water contents and to observe root growth along the full length of 1-m deep tubes. Three F. sylvatica provenances were compared in their response to different depth of water supply with respect to growth, leaf stomatal conductance as well as root and leaf traits. There were short-lasting differences between the watering regimes in soil water content and depth of soil moisture maxima. Adding water to depths of 30-60 cm resulted in reduced leaf stomatal conductance and lower survival but increased root tip growth rates compared to watering the tubes at 10-20 cm. There were differences between the three provenances for specific leaf area and stem dry mass, which however, were independent of the watering regime and did not support the idea of local adaptation to drought of populations from dry or moist origins. The findings indicate that differences between provenances might have been caused by environmental factors other than drought. Technically, we demonstrated the high potential of using the tube technique for a fine-tuned manipulation of soil moisture in the rooting space.

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Intraspecific differences in responses to rainshelter-induced drought and competition of Fagus sylvatica L. across Germany

Cited by 16 publications

References 68 publications

Responses of the structure and function of the understory plant communities to precipitation reduction across forest ecosystems in Germany

Responses of the structure and function of the understory plant communities to precipitation reduction across forest ecosystems in Germany

Drought in forest understory ecosystems – a novel rainfall reduction experiment

The response of three Fagus sylvatica L. provenances to water availability at different soil depths

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