Intraseasonal Variation in Seed Production Among Flowers and Plants of Thalictrum thalictroides (Ranunculaceae)

Lubbers, Anne E.; Christensen, Norman L.

doi:10.2307/2444172

Cited by 19 publications

(23 citation statements)

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“…Because of its early leaf expansion (March), Lubbers and Christensen (1986) considered T. thalictroides a spring ephemeral, but we considered it a fullseason perennial because it senesces its leaves from July to September, as much as 3 months after A. burdickii and other spring ephemerals. Flowering occurs in April and May, and the singleseeded achenes mature beginning in late May.…”

Section: Study Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The invasive shrub, Lonicera maackii , reduces growth and fecundity of perennial forest herbs

2004

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Effects of invasive plant species on native plant species are frequently assumed or inferred from comparisons, but rarely quantified experimentally. Such quantification is important to assessing risks and impacts of invasives. We quantified the effects of Lonicera maackii, an exotic shrub invasive in many eastern North American forests, on survival, growth, and reproduction of three perennial herbs: Allium burdickii, Thalictrum thalictroides , and Viola pubescens. We predicted that the spring ephemeral, A. burdickii , would be most impacted, due to early leaf expansion of L. maackii. Field experiments were carried out in two deciduous forest stands, one (Gregg's Woodlot, GW) disturbed and the other (Western Woods, WW) relatively undisturbed. In each stand, individual herbs were transplanted into a blocked design of 60 plots where L. maackii was present, absent, or removed, and monitored for 5 growing seasons. Lonicera maackii did not affect survival of transplants, but reduced growth and final size of individuals of all three species. For two of the species, A. burdickii and V. pubescens, L. maackii reduced the proportion of live plants flowering in both stands, and reduced the seed or fruit number per flowering individual in GW. For T. thalictroides the proportion flowering was not affected, but seed number per flowering plant was reduced by L. maackii in both stands. For all three species, cumulative seed production over the course of the study was reduced by L. maackii. Overall, effects on the spring ephemeral, A. burdickii, were similar to effects on the other herbs. Because mortality of these established individuals was not affected, short-term studies might conclude forest herbs are unaffected by invasive shrubs. However, the growth and reproduction impacts documented here suggest that populations are impacted in the long-term.

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Section: Study Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The invasive shrub, Lonicera maackii , reduces growth and fecundity of perennial forest herbs

2004

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“…Low light and nitrogen levels can limit establishment, survival, growth, and (in perennials) frequency of flowering as well as reduce the fraction of flowers that produce fruit and the number of seeds per fruit (Tilman 1982;Lubbers and Christensen 1986;McCall and Primack 1987;Niesenbaum 1993;Allen 1994, 1999;Kato and Hiura 1999). Thus, populations in low-resource environments may have low plant density and low seed production, even if pollen quantities are sufficient (Kunin 1992;Roll et al 1997;Waser 1999, 2001).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolation affects reproductive success in low-density but not high-density populations of two wind-pollinated Thalictrum species

Steven

Waller

2006

Plant Ecol

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Since pollen usually travels limited distances in wind-pollinated plant species, plants growing at low density may become pollen limited. We examined how local pollen availability and population density affect reproductive success in two wind-pollinated, dioecious species, Thalictrum fendleri and Thalictrum dioicum. Distance to the nearest flowering male, the number of flowering males within 2 m, and flower number on those males served as measures of local pollen availability. Increased distance from pollen donors reduced seed set in the lowestdensity population of each species, but seed set in high-density populations was not correlated with local pollen availability. For plants in high-and low-density populations at similar distances from pollen donors, this distance only affected seed set in low-density populations. To ensure that differences in resource availability were not causing spurious correlations between seed set and plant density, we constructed low-density artificial arrays in populations of T. dioicum. In these, seed set decreased rapidly with increases in distance from pollen donors. Despite these effects, the density of males in a population was not correlated with average seed set in T. dioicum, and hand pollination in the T. dioicum populations also failed to increase seed set over natural levels. These results suggest that pollen receipt only limits seed set on isolated plants within lowdensity populations of T. dioicum and T. fendleri.

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“…Flowering in understory herbs generally occurs only when resource levels are relatively high (Pitelka et al, 1980 and cited references;Winn and Pitelka, 1981;Lubbers and Christiansen, 1986;Hughes et al, 1988;Cunningham, 1997;Geber et al, 1997), and should reflect the current availability of resources in the stand. Frequency, in contrast, may reflect past stand conditions because some understory species tolerate low resource levels (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understory vegetation in young Douglas-fir forests: does thinning help restore old-growth composition?

Lindh

Muir

2004

Forest Ecology and Management

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Intraseasonal Variation in Seed Production Among Flowers and Plants of Thalictrum thalictroides (Ranunculaceae)

Cited by 19 publications

References 0 publications

The invasive shrub, Lonicera maackii , reduces growth and fecundity of perennial forest herbs

The invasive shrub, Lonicera maackii , reduces growth and fecundity of perennial forest herbs

Isolation affects reproductive success in low-density but not high-density populations of two wind-pollinated Thalictrum species

Understory vegetation in young Douglas-fir forests: does thinning help restore old-growth composition?

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