Intraseasonal Oscillation and the Onset and Retreat Dates of the Summer Monsoon over East, Southeast Asia and the Western Pacific Region using GMS High Cloud Amount Data

Tanaka, Minoru

doi:10.2151/jmsj1965.70.1b_613

Cited by 134 publications

(115 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Nakazawa (1992) showed that this phenomena occurs on intraseasona.l time scales that are phase-locked with the seasonal cycle. Tanaka (1992) also indicated that the rapid northward migration of cloud bands observed by GMS in East Asia have similar characteristics.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 66%

Role of Warming over the Tibetan Plateau in Early Onset of the Summer Monsoon over the Bay of Bengal and the South China Sea

Ueda

Yasunari

1998

Journal of the Meteorological Society of Japan

101

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 66%

Role of Warming over the Tibetan Plateau in Early Onset of the Summer Monsoon over the Bay of Bengal and the South China Sea

Ueda

Yasunari

1998

Journal of the Meteorological Society of Japan

101

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“…A zone with large rainfall amount is established in late May over South China through the Nansei Islands in the 10-year averaged field (Yoshino, 1966), where heavy rain (>50mm/day) is frequently observed (Matsumoto,Recently, Matsumoto (1992) pointed out, based on the 12-year averaged fields, that a minimum OLR zone appears from South China through the south of Japan during the "onset period" (May 16-June 9) of the rainy season over the Indochina Peninsula. Tanaka (1992) also found, based on the 10-year averaged fields, that a zone with a large amount of high level clouds, above 400 mb level, is formed in the middle of May over the northern part of the South China Sea and extends south of Japan. He suggested that this change might be related to the 30-60 day variation which is seasonally phase-locked.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 79%

“…The above studies (Ninomiya, 1989;Yoshino, 1966;Matsumoto, 1992;Tanaka, 1992;Chen, 1994) indicate that some interesting changes in the characteristics of the EA-band and atmospheric circulation fields occur around May, one month before the mature stage of the Baiu (Mei-yu) season in the Japan Islands (Central China); however a detailed description of the seasonal change in the distribution of cloud amount and deep convective clouds around May has not yet been given. The rapidity of the change has also not been revealed fully because almost all studies have been based on a 10-to-20-days averaged field.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Abrupt Change in the Characteristics of the Cloud Zone in Subtropical East Asia around the Middle of May

Hirasawa

Kato

Takeda

1995

Journal of the Meteorological Society of Japan

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An abrupt seasonal change in cloud features around the East Asian cloud band (EA-band) was found in the middle of May or late May in all the years of 1982 to 1987 by using two indexes derived from GMS infrared data, middle-and high-level cloud amount (MHc-amount) and the appearance frequency of the high-level cloud region (Hc-frequency) for a 10-or 15-day period. The change occurred over a short period, less than 5 days (transition period: TP), nearly simultaneously with the onset of the "Southeast Asian summer monsoon" about one month before the onset of the Indian monsoon. The main results are as follows:1) The MHc-amount and Hc-frequency increase considerably in the coastal region of South China after the TP. The greater part of the Hc-frequency are associated with the deep convective clouds. This change is associated with the enhancement of the low-level southwesterly wind, an decrease in thickness of baroclinic layer below the 500 mb level and an increase in specific humidity there and in the region to the south of the EA-band.2) MHc-amount and Hc-frequency in the EA-band also increase to the east of 130E after the TP, accompanied by the enhancement of the southwesterly wind in its southern part and the southward shift of a subtropical high pressure area west of 150°E.3) As for the year-to-year variation, the distribution of the area with large MHc-amount in the EA-band before the TP seems to be greatly influenced by the amount of confluence between the southwesterly wind in the north of the subtropical high pressure area and westerly wind north of the EA-band.4) MHc-amount over Central China after the TP is about 60% in the year of stronger baroclinicity there, but is about 20% in the year of weaker baroclinicity. 5) Only in 1987, the EA-band and a subtropical high pressure area east of 130E shifted northward after the TP, which are the opposite characteristics to all the other years.

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“…It defined summer monsoon in Southern Asia to begin when the outgoing long wave radiation was less than 235 W/m2, and the westerlies started at the 850 hPa level. The fifth kind uses the high-level cloud cover (Tanaka 1992). The monsoon is considered to start when the amount of high-level cloud cover exceeded more than 25% of sky.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Defining Three Rainy Seasons and the Hydrological Summer Monsoon in Korea using Available Water Resources Index.

Byun

Lee

2002

Journal of the Meteorological Society of Japan

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A new scheme that can define three rainy seasons, and the hydrological summer monsoon in Korea, has been proposed, examined, and verified to be effective. In the scheme, the Available Water Resources Index (AWRI) that is the accumulated precipitation value in which daily reduction of water, and the duration of accumulation are taken into account quantitatively.With this scheme, the onset and ending dates of three rainy seasons are defined by such singularities as the smallest, the biggest, the minimum, and the maximum of the AWRI in a year. The intensities of these rainy seasons are defined by the value of the maximum AWRI, flood index, and drought index.The first rainy season (Bom-Changma) starts in early April, when the minimum value of the AWRI in a year appears, and when the mean southerly wind at 925 hPa level become stronger then that at the 500 hPa level, and ends at May 15. The second rainy season (Changma) starts in late June and ends at 16-20 July. The third rainy season (Kaul-Changma) starts at mid August, and ends at 3-5 September that has the maximum value of the AWRI in a year, and that is the last date of mean southerly wind at the 925 hPa level.Finally, the hydrological summer monsoon is proposed to be defined as the period of increasing water resources that is from the minimum to the maximum of the AWRI, from the onset of Bom-Changma till the end of Kaul-Changma. From a turning point of meridional wind system to the end of mean southerly wind in the low level atmosphere, and that is concurrent with the summer monsoon.

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Intraseasonal Oscillation and the Onset and Retreat Dates of the Summer Monsoon over East, Southeast Asia and the Western Pacific Region using GMS High Cloud Amount Data

Cited by 134 publications

References 28 publications

Role of Warming over the Tibetan Plateau in Early Onset of the Summer Monsoon over the Bay of Bengal and the South China Sea

Role of Warming over the Tibetan Plateau in Early Onset of the Summer Monsoon over the Bay of Bengal and the South China Sea

Abrupt Change in the Characteristics of the Cloud Zone in Subtropical East Asia around the Middle of May

Defining Three Rainy Seasons and the Hydrological Summer Monsoon in Korea using Available Water Resources Index.

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