11. The shoulder should immediately be put up in a splint or brace to prevent stretching of the paralyzed muscles and contracture of the unopposed muscles.12. The support must be kept up for a very long time, eight or nine months, as deformities may occur. Of course, massage and exercises are begun early. 13. Even in the whole or the lower type, one may try conservative treatments for a while and then resort to a plexus operation. The result is not so discouraging as some textbooks would lead us to believe.