Intrarater Reliability of Manual Muscle Testing and Hand-held Dynametric Muscle Testing

Wadsworth, Carolyn T.; Krishnan, Ruth; Sear, Mary; Harrold, Jean; Nielsen, David H.

doi:10.1093/ptj/67.9.1342

Cited by 251 publications

(162 citation statements)

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“…We evaluated the test-retest reliability (separate days) for manual muscle testing in a small group (N ¼ 8) of individuals with SCI and found the intraclass correlations to be 0.82-0.99 for the eight lower limb muscle groups. Others [15][16][17] have also reported high reliability for upper and lower limb manual muscle testing in persons with SCI. The ASIA lower extremity muscle score (LEMS) was derived from Trace muscle contraction 1.5…”

Section: Subjects and Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Level walking and ambulatory capacity in persons with incomplete spinal cord injury: relationship with muscle strength

2004

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Study design: Prospective analysis of relationships. Objectives: (1) To quantify the relationship between individual lower extremity muscle strength and functional walking measures and (2) to determine whether a multiple regression model incorporating lower extremity muscle strength could predict the performance of functional walking measures in persons with incomplete spinal cord injury (ISCI) living in the community. Setting: Tertiary rehabilitation center, Vancouver, Canada. Methods: In all, 22 subjects with ISCI participated. The relationship between functional walking measures (gait speed, 6-min-walk distance, and ambulatory capacity) and muscle strength (manual tests of hip flexors/extensors/abductors, knee flexors/extensors, ankle dorsiflexors/plantarflexors, and great toe extensors) were measured by Pearson's correlation and regression procedures. Results: For both the more and less affected sides, hip flexors, hip extensors, and hip abductors produced the highest correlations with the three functional measures. The less affected hip flexor strength explained more than 50% of the variance in gait speed and 6-min-walk distance while the less affected hip extensor strength explained up to 64% of the variance in ambulatory capacity. For all three functional measures, the strength of the less affected limb was more important than that of the more affected limb. Conclusions: Lower extremity muscle strength, in particular that of hip flexors, hip extensors, and hip abductors, is an important determinant of functional walking performance.

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Section: Subjects and Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Level walking and ambulatory capacity in persons with incomplete spinal cord injury: relationship with muscle strength

2004

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“…Its frequent use is attributable mostly to the ease with which the technique is performed in a short time with no instrumentation cost [11]. However, this technique has been criticized for its subjectivity and lack of reliability in the good to normal ranges [1,20,23]. Therefore, the isokinetic muscle performance test (IMPT) of the shoulder has been advocated because muscle strength can be objectively measured [8,9,19,24].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isokinetic Muscle Performance Test Can Predict the Status of Rotator Cuff Muscle

Yoon

Kim

et al. 2010

Clinical Orthopaedics &Amp; Related Research

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Background The isokinetic muscle performance test (IMPT) is a validated and objective method used to evaluate muscle function but it is unknown whether it correlates with severity of rotator cuff tears. Questions/purposes We asked whether peak torque and total work deficit on the IMPT correlated with the preoperative manual muscle test (MMT), tear size, fatty degeneration (FD) of cuff, and postoperative cuff integrity in patients after rotator cuff surgery. Methods We evaluated 221 patients who had undergone rotator cuff repair; of these 86 had the IMPT and a CT arthrogram (CTA) 1 year after surgery. ResultsWe found a correlation (r = 0.125*0.464) between the preoperative IMPT and MMT. The IMPT deficit was greater in rotator cuff muscles with larger tears and greater degree of FD. Preoperative external and internal rotation deficits on the IMPT were related to the risk of cuff detachment on the postoperative CTA (r = 0.290, 0.319), and the postoperative abduction deficit was greater than 40% of the contralateral side indicating cuff detachment. Conclusions The IMPT provides objective and quantitative data for estimating the preoperative status of rotator cuff tear and can provide baseline data for postoperative anatomic assessment in patients with rotator cuff disorders. Level of Evidence Level II, prognostic study. See the Guidelines for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.

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“…13 Nonetheless, the isometric strength measurement might be in¯uenced by the resistance that can be applied by the evaluator and by the ability to hold the myometer in a stable position, perpendicular to the segment. 7,19 Myometry requires much more time for positioning than MMT and the initial cost of the device can be seen as a limitation to its general use.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of three methods to assess muscular strength in individuals with spinal cord injury

Noreau

Vachon²

1998

Spinal Cord

134

101

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The aim of the project was to compare three methods for measuring muscle strength in individuals with SCI: the manual muscle test (MMT), the hand-held myometry and the isokinetic dynamometry (Cybex). Thirty-eight (38) subjects, 31 men and seven women (age range=14 ± 63; lesion from C5 to L3) were included in this project. Muscle strength assessment of upper limbs was performed at admittance and discharge using MMT and myometry for the left and right side, and using Cybex dynamometer for the stronger side. The testing sessions were at least a day apart and performed by a single evaluator (trained physiotherapist). Signi®cant and non-signi®cant dierences of myometry mean strength values were observed between consecutive levels of MMT. However, the range of myometry scores within each MMT grade led to signi®cant overlaps between two adjacent MMT grades of each muscle group. Variables correlations were observed between the strength values measured by MMT and myometry with paraplegia (0.264r40.67) and tetraplegia (0.504r40.95). Similar results were observed when compared MMT and Cybex with the stronger side.Moderate to strong correlations were observed between the strength values measured by myometry and Cybex with paraplegia (0.704r40.90) and tetraplegia (0.574r40.96). These results suggest that the MMT method does not seem to be suciently sensitive to assess muscle strength, at least for grade 4 and higher and to detect small or moderate increases of strength over the course of rehabilitation. Since outcome measures is an important issue in rehabilitation, objective measurements of strength should be used in clinical settings. Considering cost and assessment time, the myometry technique seems to be highly valuable.

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Intrarater Reliability of Manual Muscle Testing and Hand-held Dynametric Muscle Testing

Cited by 251 publications

References 0 publications

Level walking and ambulatory capacity in persons with incomplete spinal cord injury: relationship with muscle strength

Level walking and ambulatory capacity in persons with incomplete spinal cord injury: relationship with muscle strength

Isokinetic Muscle Performance Test Can Predict the Status of Rotator Cuff Muscle

Comparison of three methods to assess muscular strength in individuals with spinal cord injury

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