Intrapopulation variability in a functional trait: Susceptibility of<i>Daphnia</i>to limitation by dietary fatty acids

Ilić, Maja; Cordellier, Mathilde; Fink, Patrick

doi:10.1111/fwb.13623

Cited by 10 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 89 publications

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“…ARA compared with EPA (Ilić et al, 2021). As both ARA and EPA were lacking in diets, our results highlighting a preferential n-3 PUFA over n-6 PUFA conversion may not support the view of Ilic et al (2021).…”

contrasting

confidence: 98%

“…The omega-3 PUFA eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, 20:5n-3) and the omega-6 PUFA arachidonic acid (ARA, 20:4n-6) are two conditionally indispensable molecules to support zooplankton growth and reproduction (see e.g. Sikora et al, 2016; Müller-Navarra et al, 2000; Ilić et al, 2021). They can be obtained directly from the diet or converted from their respective precursors linoleic acid (LIN, 18:2n-6) and alpha-linolenic acid (ALA, 18:3n-3), respectively.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Chytrids-conveyed long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids to Daphnia alleviate the detrimental effect of heat when combined with limiting dietary organic matter quantity and nutritional quality

Abonyi

Pilecky

Rasconi

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Global warming enhances the dominance of poorly palatable PUFA-deprived bloom-forming cyanobacteria. Chytrid fungal parasites increase herbivory and dietary access to polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) across the phytoplankton-zooplankton interface. Little is known however about the role chytrids may play in compensating for the decrease of algae-derived PUFA under global warming scenarios. We tested experimentally the combined effects of water temperature increase and the presence of chytrids with Daphnia magna as the consumer and the cyanobacterium Planktothrix rubescens as the main diet. We hypothesised that the diet including chytrids would enhance Daphnia fitness due to increased PUFA transfer irrespective of water temperature. Chytrid-infected diet significantly increased Daphnia survival, somatic growth, and reproduction, irrespective of water temperature. The PUFA content of Daphnia feeding on the chytrid-infected diet was unaffected by heat at the onset of the first successful reproduction. Carbon stable isotopes of fatty acids highlighted preferential n-3 PUFA upgrading by chytrids and an ~3x higher endogenous n-3 PUFA conversion compared with n-6 PUFA by Daphnia, irrespective of water temperature. Diet including chytrids enhanced the retention of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA; 20:5n-3) and arachidonic acid (ARA; 20:4n-6) in Daphnia. The heat did not decrease EPA and even increased ARA retention by enhanced endogenous bioconversion in Daphnia when feeding on the chytrid-infected diet. We conclude that chytrids support Daphnia fitness at higher water temperatures via increased n-3 and n-6 PUFA retention and preferential n-3 PUFA bioconversion. Thus, they help function pelagic ecosystems with PUFA availability at the phytoplankton-zooplankton interface in a warmer climate.

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contrasting

confidence: 98%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chytrids-conveyed long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids to Daphnia alleviate the detrimental effect of heat when combined with limiting dietary organic matter quantity and nutritional quality

Abonyi

Pilecky

Rasconi

et al. 2022

Preprint

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“…Rotifer, Artemia and small crustaceans such as cladocerans, copepods, amphipods and so forth, are commonly used as live feed for cultured fish larvae. ARA is an important nutrient for these organisms and it is readily incorporated into their tissues in natural conditions 39–48 . In particular, rotifer and Artemia , two of the most commonly used live feeds, are good carriers of ARA.…”

Section: Ara Requirements In Fishmentioning

confidence: 99%

Arachidonic acid matters

Meng

Wei

et al. 2022

Reviews in Aquaculture

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Throughout the evolution of fish nutrition science, the importance of dietary arachidonic acid (ARA, 20:4n‐6) has been somewhat overlooked, likely due to the polarizing research focus on docosahexaenoic (DHA, 22:6n‐3) and eicosapentaenoic (EPA, 20:5n‐3) acids. Nevertheless, especially during the past two decades, increasing attention has been paid to the requirements and functions of ARA in fish nutrition, and a number of relevant studies have now been conducted on a series of fish species, including both marine and freshwater species. Those studies revealed important and diverse functions of ARA in various physiological processes, such as growth, reproduction, stress resistance, pigmentation, immunity, lipid deposition and bone development. The results of the present review, in addition to providing a state‐of‐the‐art summary of current knowledge, also revealed the complexity of ARA functions in terms of dosages, species, development stage, sex and feeding period, as well as in terms of interaction between ARA and other nutritional or non‐nutritional factors.

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“…In a recent paper, we reported genotype‐specific variation in heat tolerance within this very population (Werner et al, 2019). In line with this, Ilić et al (2021) demonstrated intrapopulation variation in juvenile growth rate and the susceptibility to limitations in dietary fatty acid availability of a natural D. longispina population at 20°C.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 68%

Phenotypic convergence in a natural Daphnia population acclimated to low temperature

Werner

Otte

Elert

2021

Ecology and Evolution

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Fluidity of a given membrane decreases at lower ambient temperatures, whereas it rises at increasing temperatures, which is achieved through changes in membrane lipid composition. In consistence with homeoviscous adaptation theory, lower temperatures result in increased tissue concentrations of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) in Daphnia magna, suggesting a higher PUFA requirement at lower temperatures. However, so far homeoviscous adaptation has been suggested for single or geographically separated Daphnia genotypes only. Here, we investigated changes in relative fatty acid (FA) tissue concentrations in response to a lower temperature (15°C) within a D. magna population. We determined juvenile growth rates (JGR) and FA patterns of 14 genotypes that were grown on Chlamydomonas klinobasis at 15°C and 20°C. We report significant differences of JGR and the relative body content of various FAs between genotypes at either temperature and between temperatures. Based on slopes of reaction norms, we found genotype‐specific changes in FA profiles between temperatures suggesting that genotypes have different strategies to cope with changing temperatures. In a hierarchical clustering analysis, we grouped genotypes according to differences in direction and magnitude of changes in relative FA content, which resulted in three clusters of genotypes following different patterns of changes in FA composition. These patterns suggest a lower importance of the PUFA eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, C20:5ω3) than previously assumed. We calculated an unsaturation index (UI) as a proxy for membrane fluidity at 15°C, and we neither found significant differences for this UI nor for fitness, measured as JGR, between the three genotype clusters. We conclude that these three genotype clusters represent different physiological solutions to temperature changes by altering the relative share of different FAs, but that their phenotypes converge with respect to membrane fluidity and JGR. These clusters will be subjected to different degrees of PUFA limitation when sharing the same diet.

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Intrapopulation variability in a functional trait: Susceptibility ofDaphniato limitation by dietary fatty acids

Abstract: This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited and is not used for commercial purposes.

Cited by 10 publications

References 89 publications

Chytrids-conveyed long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids to Daphnia alleviate the detrimental effect of heat when combined with limiting dietary organic matter quantity and nutritional quality

Chytrids-conveyed long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids to Daphnia alleviate the detrimental effect of heat when combined with limiting dietary organic matter quantity and nutritional quality

Arachidonic acid matters

Phenotypic convergence in a natural Daphnia population acclimated to low temperature

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