Intrapleural B.C.G. Immunostimulation in Lung Cancer

Mckneally, MartinF.; Maver, Carole; Kausel, Harvey W.

doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(77)92299-1

Cited by 18 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…In lung cancer with malignant pleurisy, the diminution of the effusion containing tumor cells is one of the most important problems. Bacillus Calmette-Gu6rin (BCG) and Nocardia rubra cell wall skeleton (N-CWS) are among the immunotherapeutic agents that have been evaluated in lung cancer in experimental animals and clinical trials [2,4,6,7,[20][21][22][23][24]. In particular in malignant pleurisy, attempts have been made to utilize treatment with such immunoadjuvants.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antitumor effect of intrapleural administration of Lactobacillus casei in mice

Matsuzaki

Yokokura

Mutai

1988

Cancer Immunol Immunother

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The antitumor effect of intrapleural (i.pl.) administration of Lactobacillus casei YIT 9018 (LC 9018) on Meth A sarcoma in BALB/c mice was examined. Inoculation of Meth A cells into the thoracic cavity of BALB/c mice caused growth of the cells and the mice died from the tumor with an increased amount of pleural fluid. LC 9018 was given i.pl. to BALB/c mice before or after i.pl. inoculation of Meth A cells and the survival of the mice was determined. The i.pl. administration of LC 9018 was effective in prolonging the survival of the mice after i.pl. inoculation of Meth A tumor, and pretreatment with LC 9018 i.pl. also prolonged survival. Moreover, i.pl. administration of LC 9018 not only increased the number of thoracic exudate cells (TEC) but also augmented both cytolytic activity of thoracic macrophages and natural killer cell activity of TEC. Furthermore, phagocytic activity of thoracic macrophages against sheep red blood cells was enhanced and Ia antigen-positive cells in TEC were increased by the i.pl. treatment with LC 9018. These results showed that TEC induced by i.pl. administration of LC 9018 had antitumor activity against Meth A tumor inoculated i.pl. into BALB/c mice.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antitumor effect of intrapleural administration of Lactobacillus casei in mice

Matsuzaki

Yokokura

Mutai

1988

Cancer Immunol Immunother

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“…Hence, these interesting trials do not eliminate the action of active immunotherapy applied under other modalities such as those employed in our trials [application of a preparation of living Pasteur BCG active in our experimental screening (2 l), inducing a bacteriemia shown experimentally as a condition necessary for its action (22) and only considered as correct in man if it is followed by a slight increase in temperature (about 38°C for at least 1 day)] . Negative results have also been registered in immunotherapy trials of other diseases, especially acute myeloid leukemia, melanoma, or bonchus cancer, on which the results of other trials have shown the efficiency of this therapeutic weapon (23)(24)(25).…”

Section: Overall Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preliminary results of three protocols for the treatment of acute lymphoid leukaemia of children: Distinction of two groups of patients according to predictable prognosis

Mathé

Vassal

Schwarzenberg

et al. 1978

Med. Pediatr. Oncol.

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“…However, as we used a modified Pasteur strain we could not rely on the dose recommendations for the Tice strain [23,24], but instead had to perform experiments in animals to determine a suitable dose [36]. Nevertheless, other studies using "conventional" dosages of BCG also suggest a tumour enhancing effect of intrapleural BCG [20,42].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This alarming phenomenon could be a warning to clinicians when planning clinical immunotherapy trials to be aware of the potentially deleterious effects of such treatment. lowed the observation of improved survival rates among lung cancer patients in whom empyema developed as a complication after resection [35,40].The encouraging results of McKneally et al with postoperative administration of BCG intrapleurally [23,24] prompted us to follow this same treatment strategy. After experiments in animals to choose a potent BCG strain and to estimate a suitable dosage range [36], a clinical study was designed primarily to find the optimal dose and to assess the safety of post-operative intrapleural BCG in lung cancer as a preliminary to a randomized trial.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Post-operative intrapleural BCG in lung cancer: A 5-year follow-up report

Bakker

Nijhuis-Heddes

Velde

1986

Cancer Immunol Immunother

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Of a total study group of 99 patients 56 received intrapleural BCG in three different dosages (5 patients 16 X 10(6), 25 patients 32 X 10(6), and 26 patients 64 X 10(6) culturable particles) following resection treatment for lung cancer. This study group was compared with an historical control population, very closely matched with regard to age, sex, stage of disease, histology and type of operation. Although the clinical condition of the patients selected for BCG treatment was above average, no survival benefit ensued from the intrapleural BCG. On the contrary, disease-free survival in BCG receivers with stage I and II squamous cell carcinoma was shortened significantly at 2 years follow-up due to the earlier appearance of local recurrences, with the same tendency still present after 5 years. This observation suggests an enhancement of tumour growth by the intrapleural BCG treatment. This alarming phenomenon could be a warning to clinicians when planning clinical immunotherapy trials to be aware of the potentially deleterious effects of such treatment.

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Intrapleural B.C.G. Immunostimulation in Lung Cancer

Cited by 18 publications

References 2 publications

Antitumor effect of intrapleural administration of Lactobacillus casei in mice

Antitumor effect of intrapleural administration of Lactobacillus casei in mice

Preliminary results of three protocols for the treatment of acute lymphoid leukaemia of children: Distinction of two groups of patients according to predictable prognosis

Post-operative intrapleural BCG in lung cancer: A 5-year follow-up report

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