Intraperitoneal murine <i>Echinococcus multilocularis</i> infection induces differentiation of TGF‐β‐expressing DCs that remain immature

Mejri, Naceur; Müller, Joachim; Gottstein, Bruno

doi:10.1111/j.1365-3024.2011.01303.x

Cited by 31 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…These observations are in broad agreement with the phenotype observed for local DCs in E. multilocularis experimental infection (59, 60). Our current study provides a platform for future work addressing DC conditioning by E.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Unconventional Maturation of Dendritic Cells Induced by Particles from the Laminated Layer of Larval Echinococcus granulosus

et al. 2014

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The larval stage of the cestode parasite Echinococcus granulosus causes hydatid disease in humans and livestock. This infection is characterized by the growth in internal organ parenchymae of fluid-filled structures (hydatids) that elicit surprisingly little inflammation in spite of their massive size and persistence. Hydatids are protected by a millimeter-thick layer of mucin-based extracellular matrix, termed the laminated layer (LL), which is thought to be a major factor determining the host response to the infection. Host cells can interact both with the LL surface and with materials that are shed from it to allow parasite growth. In this work, we analyzed the response of dendritic cells (DCs) to microscopic pieces of the native mucin-based gel of the LL (pLL). In vitro, this material induced an unusual activation state characterized by upregulation of CD86 without concomitant upregulation of CD40 or secretion of cytokines (interleukin 12 [IL-12], IL-10, tumor necrosis factor alpha [TNF-α], and IL-6). When added to Toll-like receptor (TLR) agonists, pLL-potentiated CD86 upregulation and IL-10 secretion while inhibiting CD40 upregulation and IL-12 secretion. In vivo, pLL also caused upregulation of CD86 and inhibited CD40 upregulation in DCs. Contrary to expectations, oxidation of the mucin glycans in pLL with periodate did not abrogate the effects on cells. Reduction of disulfide bonds, which are known to be important for LL structure, strongly diminished the impact of pLL on DCs without altering the particulate nature of the material. In summary, DCs respond to the LL mucin meshwork with a “semimature” activation phenotype, both in vitro and in vivo.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Unconventional Maturation of Dendritic Cells Induced by Particles from the Laminated Layer of Larval Echinococcus granulosus

et al. 2014

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“…E. multilocularis infection in mice induced DC expressing high levels TGF and very low levels of IL-10 and IL-12, and the expression of the surface markers CD80, CD86, and CD40 was downregulated [58, 59]. However, the higher level of IL-4 than IFN-gamma/IL-2 mRNA expression in AE-CD4+pe-Tcells indicated DC play a role in the generation of a regulatory immune response [59].…”

Section: Host Immune Responses To Hydatid Infectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the higher level of IL-4 than IFN-gamma/IL-2 mRNA expression in AE-CD4+pe-Tcells indicated DC play a role in the generation of a regulatory immune response [59]. …”

Section: Host Immune Responses To Hydatid Infectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunology and Immunodiagnosis of Cystic Echinococcosis: An Update

Zhang

Wen

et al. 2012

Clinical and Developmental Immunology

173

165

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Cystic echinococcosis (CE) is a cosmopolitan zoonosis caused by the larval cystic stage of the dog tapeworm Echinococcus granulosus. This complex multicellular pathogen produces various antigens which modulate the host immune response and promote parasite survival and development. The recent application of modern molecular and immunological approaches has revealed novel insights on the nature of the immune responses generated during the course of a hydatid infection, although many aspects of the Echinococcus-host interplay remain unexplored. This paper summarizes recent developments in our understanding of the immunology and diagnosis of echinococcosis, indicates areas where information is lacking, and suggests possible new strategies to improve serodiagnosis for practical application.

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“…multilocularis infection in mice induced DC expressing high levels TGF and very low levels of IL-10 and IL-12, and the expression of the surface markers CD80, CD86 and CD40 was down-regulated (Mejri et al, 2011a;Mejri et al, 2011b). However, the higher level of IL-4 than IFN-γ/IL-2 mRNA-expression in AE-CD4+ pT cells indicated DC play a role in the generation of a regulatory immune response (Mejri et al, 2011a). Different E. multilocularis antigens have been shown to stimulate different expression profiles of DC.…”

Section: Dendritc Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%