Intraperitoneal injection of sulfur amino acids enhance the hepatic cysteine dioxygenase activity in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

Yokoyama, Minato; Nakazoe, Jun-ichi

doi:10.1007/bf01875593

Cited by 12 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 16 publications

(17 reference statements)

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“…Likewise, low hypotaurine production observed in other teleost species suggest that dietary taurine is required by the animal, which was indeed later confirmed for Japanese flounder (Kim et al, 2005a), red sea bream (Matsunari et al, 2008b), and yellowtail (Takagi et al, 2008). Intraperitoneal injection of cysteine elicited an increase in CDO activity (Yokoyama and Nakazoe, 1996), while the resulting cysteine sulfinic acid was subsequently equally split between hypotaurine and sulfate products (Yokoyama et al, 1997), suggesting that taurine is produced along pathway I in rainbow trout. However, hypotaurine production was extremely low in common carp (Yokoyama et al, 2001), although this…”

Section: Accepted Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 98%

Taurine: a critical nutrient for future fish feeds

2015

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Taurine is a sulfonic acid found in high concentrations in animal tissues. In recent years, a number of studies have demonstrated the essentiality of dietary taurine for many commercially relevant species, especially marine teleosts. Consequently, the removal of taurine-rich dietary ingredients such as fishmeal may create a deficiency, of which symptoms include reduced growth and survival, increased susceptibility to diseases, and impaired larval development. These symptoms emphasize the systemic role of taurine in the animal's physiology and provide few clues as to the underlying mechanisms of taurine function. In fact, a myriad of roles have been attributed to taurine in mammals, ranging from bile salt conjugation to membrane stabilization, osmoregulation, anti-oxidation, immunomodulation, calcium-signaling, and neuroprotection. This review describes the current knowledge of taurine physiology and metabolism in fish and requirement levels in relevant species, and highlights possible parallels with mammalian taurine metabolism. In addition, the effects of ingredient processing and feed manufacturing on taurine bioavailability are discussed. Finally, regulatory aspects are brought to the forefront: although the supplementation of taurine will be necessary to further reduce the use of ingredients such as fishmeal, taurine is not currently approved by the FDA in the USA for fish feeds.Obtaining approval in the United States to utilize taurine in fish feeds can improve the environmental and economic sustainability of fish feeds nation-wide.

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Section: Accepted Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 98%

Taurine: a critical nutrient for future fish feeds

2015

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“…Historically, taurine has not been considered as an essential nutrient for fish (Robinson et al . ; Borlongan & Coloso ; Yokoyama & Nakazoe ; Akiyama et al . ).…”

Section: Taurine Biosynthesis and Metabolismmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Historically, taurine has not been considered as an essential nutrient for fish (Robinson et al 1978;Borlongan & Coloso 1993;Yokoyama & Nakazoe 1996;Akiyama et al 1997). Just recently, studies have indicated that taurine synthesis widely differs between fish species, depending on fish species and size, feeding habits and cysteinesulphinate decarboxylase (CSD) activity.…”

Section: Taurine Biosynthesis and Metabolismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is dietary taurine supplementation beneficial for farmed fish and shrimp? a comprehensive review

El‐Sayed

2013

Reviews in Aquaculture

135

106

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Taurine is a neutral β‐amino acid derived from the metabolism of sulphur‐containing amino acids. It is present in high concentrations in animal tissues, especially heart, retina, skeletal muscle, brain, large intestines, plasma, blood cells and leucocytes. Therefore, this amino acid plays significant roles in many physiological functions, including membrane stabilization, antioxidation, detoxification, modulation of immune response, calcium transport, myocardial contractility, retina development, bile acid metabolism, osmotic regulation and endocrine functions. Historically, taurine has not been considered as an essential nutrient for fish. However, recent studies have indicated that taurine synthesis widely differs between fish species and demonstrated that it plays a key role in aquaculture and nutrition of freshwater and marine fish and shrimp. Animal proteins are rich in taurine, whereas plant proteins are taurine‐deficient. Therefore, fish fed plant protein–based food may require exogenous taurine for maintaining their physiological functions. Nevertheless, taurine may be conditionally indispensable for fish and shrimp, depending on dietary protein source, fish species and size, feeding habits, previous histories and the rate of metabolism of its precursors, namely cysteine and methionine. It is my belief that taurine functions in, and benefits for, farmed fish and shrimp are now more than worthy of critical review and analysis. This review summarizes the current knowledge on the roles of taurine in fish, particularly farmed fish and shrimp, with emphasis on taurine structure and biosynthesis, physiological functions, the effects of dietary taurine on fish performance and health and live food enrichment with taurine.

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“…13.11.20) increases and hepatic ␥-glutamylcysteine synthetase (GCS; EC 6.3.2.2) decreases when animals are fed diets high in protein or sulfur amino acids [12][13][14]. Marked changes in CDO and GCS levels occur when dietary protein is increased from below-requirement levels to above-requirement levels [15][16][17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%