Intraosseous infusions in the adult

Abstract

Intraosseous infusions are used in children when intravenous access is difficult or impossible. The intraosseous route is also applicable to adults, but is not widely used. In this article, the anatomy and physiology of bone marrow is described and techniques and sites of intraosseous needle placement are discussed. Fluid and drug administration by the intraosseous route is also discussed. Intraosseous anaeasthesia and diagnostic testing is possible through intraossoeous needles. Potential complications and contraindications are considered.