Intraoperative monitoring of the facial nerve in parotid surgery

Abstract

The purpose of this article is to analyse the facial nerve electrophysiological monitoring effective ness in preventing injuries of this nerve during parotid surgery. To achieve this goal we analysed relevant data available in the literature on both the surgical technique and intraoperative continuous monitoring principles. In order to draw the conclusions of this paper we correlated the obtained data with our own experience.

Neural Implants: A Review Of Current Trends And Future Perspectives

“…Over the next 20 years patient results improved dramatically due to the improvement in electrode design and signal processing [56][57][58]. Today cochlear implants are recognized as a trustworthy technology for restoring hearing in people with severe to profound hearing loss, and they have been authorized as a therapeutic technique since the mid-1980s [59].…”

“…Internal and exterior components make up a cochlear implant. The external system is worn behind the ear, in a pocket or with a harness, while the internal system is surgically placed into the auditory system [59]. A microphone, a speech processor, a transmitter, and a magnet are all part of the external system.…”

“…A microphone, a speech processor, a transmitter, and a magnet are all part of the external system. The exterior components' job is to capture the noises from the environment, process them, transform the auditory signals, and send them to the internal component [59]. A receiver, electrode system, stimulator, and magnet are included in the internal component.…”

“…Cochlear implants work by electrically stimulating the acoustic nerves within the auditory system, bypassing the outer and middle ear. This distinguishes them from other hearing aids [59]. Cochlear implants have progressed from cumbersome, body worn single electrode technology to today's multi-channel ear level or single unit devices after more than two decades of research and development [59,60].…”

“…This distinguishes them from other hearing aids [59]. Cochlear implants have progressed from cumbersome, body worn single electrode technology to today's multi-channel ear level or single unit devices after more than two decades of research and development [59,60]. Current technologies, on the other hand, have a limited ability to enjoy music and function poorly in noisy environment [60].…”