“…3,4,7,18,19,34,40,48,60 Intraoperative mapping and monitoring involving CMAPs is a valid modality for reducing iatrogenic morbidity during surgery in and around the central region as well as for intracranial aneurysms. 7,10,11,26,38,39,42,44,[49][50][51][52]62 Two methods are used for intraoperative mapping and monitoring during surgery in and around the insula. The first is the TCES of the motor cortex.…”