Intraocular Pressure in General and Diabetic Populations From Southern China: the Dongguan Eye Study

Abstract

PURPOSE. To investigate the distribution and risk factors for intraocular pressure (IOP) among general and diabetic populations in Southern China. METHODS. The study participants aged 40 years or older were enrolled from the Dongguan Eye Study, a population-based cross-sectional study from September 2011 to February 2012. Systemic and ophthalmic examinations were performed, and diabetes status was screened based on the American Diabetes Association diagnostic criteria (2010). IOP was measured by a noncontact tonometer per standardized protocol. Regression analyses were used to assess the association between potential risk factors and IOP. RESULTS. A total of 2112 subjects were included with a median age of 55 years. IOP for general population showed a near normal distribution with an average of 15.58 6 3.27 mm Hg. Multiple regression analyses revealed that higher IOP was significantly correlated with younger age, higher body mass index (BMI), shorter height, higher blood pressure (BP), higher fasting blood glucose (FBG), higher low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), lower high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and thicker central corneal thickness (CCT). There was no association between diabetes status and IOP after adjusting for possible confounders. IOP for diabetic participants showed a right-skewed distribution. Risk factors for IOP elevation in diabetes included female, younger age, higher BP, higher LDL-C, lower HDL-C, and thicker CCT. CONCLUSIONS. The present study identifies risk factors for elevated IOP in general and diabetic populations. Younger age and lower HDL-C, as well as higher BP, LDL-C, and CCT were significant factors contributing to higher IOP, especially in the female diabetic population.

High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol in Age-Related Ocular Diseases

“…A retrospective, population-based study by Kim et al involving 80 glaucoma patients and 4015 controls did show that low HDL-C was significantly associated with POAG with normal baseline IOP (OR = 0.96, 95% CI, 0.94-0.99; p = 0.004) [84]. A recent cross-sectional study revealed that higher IOP was significantly associated with lower HDL-C (mean IOP difference between low and high HDL-C group = −0.68; 95% CI, −0.99 to −0.36; p <0.001) [85]. However, on the other hand, a cross-sectional study in a Japanese population reported that an increase in serum HDL-C by 1 mmol/L was significantly associated with a +0.42 mm Hg IOP change (95% CI = 0.35-0.49, p < 0.0001) [86].…”

Increased Risk of Ocular Hypertension in Patients with Cushing’s Disease: An Underestimated Comorbidity

“…The incidence was 1.4% from another study performed in a French cohort 16 . It was estimated that 7% of the adults aged 40 years and older in China had increased IOP 17 . The incidence of glaucoma was 3.5% among the population from 40 to 80 years old in a global study performed in 2013 18 .…”

High HDL-C and high LDL-C are risk factors of pterygium in a population-based cross-sectional study in Southern China: the Dongguan Eye Study

“…The design and baseline characteristics of DES in detail were published previously. 21–23 In brief, residents aged 40 years or older from Hengli Town of Dongguan were recruited from September 2011 to February 2012. A total of 11 357 participants were eligible for inclusion and 8952 (78.8% of eligible) participants were successfully enrolled for systemic and ophthalmic examinations.…”