Intraocular Pressure in Diabetes

Bouzas, A

doi:10.1001/archopht.1971.00990050425005

Cited by 29 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Although some cross-sectional studies reported an association between elevated IOP and diabetes 19,23 or high GHb levels, 14 others did not. 37,38 Our current results are consistent with the longitudinal BDES data 31 and our 4-year findings, 28 indicating a higher IOP change in persons with a diabetes history. The GHb value alone was significantly related to 4-year but not to 9-year increases in IOP, possibly because of the smaller sample size at 9 years and the lower GHb values of participants than nonparticipants.…”

Section: Diabetessupporting

confidence: 89%

Nine-Year Changes in Intraocular Pressure

Nemesure²,

Hennis³

et al. 2006

Arch Ophthalmol

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Objective: To describe temporal changes in intraocular pressure (IOP) and associated risk factors after 9 years of follow-up in a population of African descent. Methods: Changes in IOP were evaluated in 2298 participants without glaucoma or IOP-lowering treatment at baseline. Risk factor analyses used a multiple regression approach with mixed effects, which accounted for intereye correlation. Results: The mean 9-year change in IOP was small, with relatively large dispersion (mean±SD, 0.4±4.0 mm Hg). Only 6.5% of persons with IOP of 21 mm Hg or less at baseline had elevated IOP greater than 21 mm Hg after 9 years. Mean IOP increases were largest in persons aged 50 to 59 years at baseline (mean ± SD, 0.9 ± 4.3 mm Hg),

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Section: Diabetessupporting

confidence: 89%

Nine-Year Changes in Intraocular Pressure

Nemesure²,

Hennis³

et al. 2006

Arch Ophthalmol

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“…In contrast, an earlier study showed no excess risk of glaucoma among patients with diabetes [24]. Since then, the relationship between diabetes and OAG has been argued, leading to no definite conclusion [25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32]. However, these earlier works were clinic-based, selected population studies, except for the Bedford Eye Survey [33].…”

Section: Epidemiological Studies Testing a Link Between Diabetes And Oagmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diabetes mellitus as a Risk Factor for Glaucomatous Optic Neuropathy

Nakamura

Kanamori

Negi³

2005

Ophthalmologica

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Open-angle glaucoma (OAG) is an optic neuropathy characterized by progressive retinal ganglion cell (RGC) death and optic disk excavation. Evidence is accumulating that RGC apoptosis is the fundamental pathology of OAG. Among several risk factors for development and progression of OAG, inclusion of comorbid diabetes has been controversial. Some large population-based prevalence and incidence studies found a positive association between diabetes and OAG, whereas others did not. This inconsistency is derived from selection-, recall-, or survival-bias or misclassification due to low incidence of the two diseases. On the other hand, recent basic studies have shown that diabetes not only affects vascular tissues but also compromises neuronal and glial functions and metabolism in the retina, which ultimately gives rise to apoptotic death of retinal neurons including RGCs. The impaired metabolism of neurons and glia by diabetes may render RGCs susceptible to additional stresses related to OAG such as elevated intraocular pressure. In fact, our latest data demonstrate that retinas taken from rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetes, which underwent cauterization of three episcleral veins to become a chronic glaucoma model, had significantly more apoptotic cells than those from rats with diabetes alone or with chronic glaucoma alone. In this regard, diabetes is a ‘risk factor’ for glaucomatous optic neuropathy. Additionally, prospective studies are needed to determine if OAG patients with diabetes have a more aggressive course than those without diabetes.

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“…Most of the earlier studies (before 1971) were small, used differing definitions of glaucoma, and were clinic rather than community based and thus examined a selected population 1719 20 22 23 25 26 Those that looked at the prevalence of glaucoma, rather than at intraocular pressure only, generally included intraocular pressure as part of the definition of the disease, making it difficult to separate an association of diabetes with ocular hypertension and to exclude low tension glaucoma.…”

Section: Glaucoma and Diabetes: Is There An Association?mentioning

confidence: 99%