Intraocular Parasitic Infections

Rathinam, Sivakumar R.; Annamalai, Radha; Biswas, Jyotirmay

doi:10.3109/09273948.2011.610024

Cited by 16 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…1,2 Eye damage can occur directly by the parasite or indirectly due to toxic products, immune responses or ectopic parasitism by the pre-adult or adult stages of the parasite.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Severe intraocular inflammation and infection and even endophthalmitis have been known to occur. 1,2 Thus, a proper diagnosis can save the eyes and the life of a patient by instituting appropriate treatment at the appropriate time. The ocular microbiologist can give useful information by following appropriate algorithms, 83 to the ophthalmologist, about the diagnosis of the ocular parasite in the laboratory.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Parasitic Eye Disease in India and the World- A Major Review

Sarkar¹,

Bhattacharayya²,

Choudhuri³

et al. 2017

jemds

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BACKGROUNDParasites are a group of eukaryotic organisms. They may be free living, may form symbiotic relationships or form parasitic relationships with the hosts. The total number of recognised species of parasites are over 800,000. They may be unicellular or multicellular. Unicellular parasites include protozoa, while multicellular parasites include helminths and arthropods. The parasites are associated with human beings since the beginning of civilisation. The parasitic diseases are present worldwide including India. In addition to the already prevalent diseases, newer diseases are emerging in the clinical scenario. The systemic diseases like cysticercosis, paragonimiasis, hydatidosis and toxoplasmosis are common. Acquired toxoplasma infections are rising in incidence in immunodeficient individuals. Cestodes, trematodes, tissue flagellates and sporozoa affect human beings commonly including their eyes in different parts of the world. They thus constitute a real health problem globally. The basics of parasitology lie in morphological and pathological studies. This scope has extended further with recent updates in molecular parasitology. The present review discusses the principal ocular parasites found in India and the world with reference to microbiological and pathological aspects and gives outlines of management.

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“…1,2 Eye damage can occur directly by the parasite or indirectly due to toxic products, immune responses or ectopic parasitism by the pre-adult or adult stages of the parasite.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parasitic Eye Disease in India and the World- A Major Review

Sarkar¹,

Bhattacharayya²,

Choudhuri³

et al. 2017

jemds

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Literature on the research-to-policy process from low- and middle-income countries is scarce. Policy makers have a variable understanding of the economic analysis and burden of the disease measures [13]. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ocular Gnathostomiasis in Brazil: A Case Report

Chaves

Zoroquiaín

et al. 2016

Ocul Oncol Pathol

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Gnathostomiasis is a parasitic disease caused by nematode larvae ingestion of 15 known species of the genus Gnathostoma (one of the Gnathostomatidae family members). This parasite uses freshwater fish as a host and can infect - through the consumption of raw fish or their viscera - other animals such as dogs, cats, chickens, pigs, and humans. This parasitic disease, with humans acting as hosts, has been known since 1945 (India), and ocular complications have been known since 2004 (intravitreal; also described in India). Latin American countries, especially Mexico and Peru, have reported cases of the disease since 1970. The first dermatological case was reported in Brazil in 2009 (the individual had acquired the disease in Peru). This article describes the first reported ophthalmic case of the disease in Brazil and refers to a male patient, 30 years old, living in the municipality of Juruá, Amazonas State. The disease evolved within 30 days through a fistulized tumor in the inner corner of the lower eyelid. Following excision, the anatomical and histopathological examination revealed the presence of a different parasite species from other previously known genera.

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“…[12] Parasitology was born as a tropical step-sister of medicine but has become a well-known scientific subject in its own right in these times of global awareness. In the past decade, parasitology has undergone significant transformation.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[3] Many progenies are needed to overcome the mortality during transmission of organism to pass on its reproductive character to the next generation. [234] The host is deprived of vital resources and nutrients which the parasites utilize during their reproductive stages. The consequence of these changes is local or extensive damage to the host tissue, and if these become more severe, there is noticeable deterioration of the host who is then referred to have systemic involvement of parasitism.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Update on pathology of ocular parasitic disease

Das

Ramachandra

Islam

et al. 2016

Indian J Ophthalmol

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Parasites are a group of eukaryotic organisms that may be free-living or form a symbiotic or parasitic relationship with the hosts. Consisting of over 800,000 recognized species, parasites may be unicellular (Protozoa) or multicellular (helminths and arthropods). The association of parasites with human population started long before the emergence of civilization. Parasitic zoonotic diseases are prevalent worldwide including India. Appropriate epidemiological data are lacking on existing zoonotic parasitic diseases, and newer diseases are emerging in our scenario. Systemic diseases such as cysticercosis, paragonimiasis, hydatidosis, and toxoplasmosis are fairly common. Acquired Toxoplasma infections are rising in immune-deficient individuals. Amongst the ocular parasitic diseases, various protozoas such as Cystoidea, trematodes, tissue flagellates, sporozoas etc. affect humans in general and eyes in particular, in different parts of the world. These zoonoses seem to be a real health related problem globally. Recent intensification of research throughout the world has led to specialization in biological fields, creating a conducive situation for researchers interested in this subject. The basics of parasitology lie in morphology, pathology, and with recent updates in molecular parasitology, the scope has extended further. The current review is to address the recent update in ophthalmic parasites with special reference to pathology and give a glimpse of further research in this field.

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Intraocular Parasitic Infections

Cited by 16 publications

References 59 publications

Parasitic Eye Disease in India and the World- A Major Review

Parasitic Eye Disease in India and the World- A Major Review

Ocular Gnathostomiasis in Brazil: A Case Report

Update on pathology of ocular parasitic disease

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