Intranasal immunization with inactivated SARS-CoV (SARS-associated coronavirus) induced local and serum antibodies in mice

Qu, Di; Zheng, Bo‐Jian; Yao, Xin; Guan, Yi; Yuan, Zheng; Zhong, Nan; Lu, Li; Xie, Jingyu; Wen, Yiping

doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2004.07.031

Cited by 70 publications

(66 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…When SARS-CoV is treated with 0.05% formaldehyde for 48 h, it could be inactivated properly [31]. Vaccines based on formaldehyde-inactivated SARS-CoV are shown to induce virus-specific and virus-neutralizing antibodies [32,33]; however, some virus still remained infectious on day 3 of inactivation [30].…”

Section: Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inactivated virus vaccines from chemistry to prophylaxis: merits, risks and challenges

Delrue

Verzele

Madder

et al. 2012

Expert Review of Vaccines

161

150

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The aim of this review is to make researchers aware of the benefits of an efficient quality control system for prediction of a developed vaccine's efficacy. Two major goals should be addressed when inactivating a virus for vaccine purposes: first, the infectious virus should be inactivated completely in order to be safe, and second, the viral epitopes important for the induction of protective immunity should be conserved after inactivation in order to have an antigen of high quality. Therefore, some problems associated with the virus inactivation process, such as virus aggregate formation, protein crosslinking, protein denaturation and degradation should be addressed before testing an inactivated vaccine in vivo

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Section: Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inactivated virus vaccines from chemistry to prophylaxis: merits, risks and challenges

Delrue

Verzele

Madder

et al. 2012

Expert Review of Vaccines

161

150

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…and i.n. routes, following the protocols described previously with some modifications (42)(43)(44). For the i.m.…”

Section: Mice Vaccination Via Im and In Routes And Sample Collectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intranasal Vaccination of Recombinant Adeno-Associated Virus Encoding Receptor-Binding Domain of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (SARS-CoV) Spike Protein Induces Strong Mucosal Immune Responses and Provides Long-Term Protection against SARS-CoV Infection

Zhao

Lin

et al. 2008

The Journal of Immunology

130

138

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We have previously reported that a subunit protein vaccine based on the receptor-binding domain (RBD) of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) spike protein and a recombinant adeno-associated virus (rAAV)-based RBD (RBD-rAAV) vaccine could induce highly potent neutralizing Ab responses in immunized animals. In this study, systemic, mucosal, and cellular immune responses and long-term protective immunity induced by RBD-rAAV were further characterized in a BALB/c mouse model, with comparison of the i.m. and intranasal (i.n.) routes of administration. Our results demonstrated that: 1) the i.n. vaccination induced a systemic humoral immune response of comparable strength and shorter duration than the i.m. vaccination, but the local humoral immune response was much stronger; 2) the i.n. vaccination elicited stronger systemic and local specific cytotoxic T cell responses than the i.m. vaccination, as evidenced by higher prevalence of IL-2 and/or IFN-γ-producing CD3+/CD8+ T cells in both lungs and spleen; 3) the i.n. vaccination induced similar protection as the i.m. vaccination against SARS-CoV challenge in mice; 4) higher titers of mucosal IgA and serum-neutralizing Ab were associated with lower viral load and less pulmonary pathological damage, while no Ab-mediated disease enhancement effect was observed; and 5) the vaccination could provide long-term protection against SARS-CoV infection. Taken together, our findings suggest that RBD-rAAV can be further developed into a vaccine candidate for prevention of SARS and that i.n. vaccination may be the preferred route of administration due to its ability to induce SARS-CoV-specific systemic and mucosal immune responses and its better safety profile.

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“…However, once the neutralizing epitopes are identified, the inactivated virus vaccine should be replaced by vaccines based on fragments containing neutralizing epitopes since they are safer and more effective. Several reports have showed that SARS-CoV inactivated with formaldehyde, UV light, and β-propiolactone can induce virus-neutralizing antibodies in immunized animals (8)(9)(10)(11), and the first inactivated SARS-CoV vaccine is being tested in the clinical trials in China. However, safety of the inactivated vaccine is a serious concern; production workers are at risk for infection during handling of concentrated live SARS-CoV, incomplete virus inactivation may cause SARS outbreaks among the vaccinated populations, and some viral proteins may induce harmful immune or inflammatory responses, even causing SARS-like diseases (12,13).…”

Section: Inactivated Sars-cov-based Vaccinesmentioning

confidence: 99%

SARS Vaccine Development

Jiang

Liu

2005

Emerg. Infect. Dis.

187

173

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Developing effective and safe vaccines is urgently needed to prevent infection by severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)-associated coronavirus (SARS-CoV). The inactivated SARS-CoV vaccine may be the first one available for clinical use because it is easy to generate; however, safety is the main concern. The spike (S) protein of SARS-CoV is the major inducer of neutralizing antibodies, and the receptor-binding domain (RBD) in the S1 subunit of S protein contains multiple conformational neutralizing epitopes. This suggests that recombinant proteins containing RBD and vectors encoding the RBD sequence can be used to develop safe and effective SARS vaccines.

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Intranasal immunization with inactivated SARS-CoV (SARS-associated coronavirus) induced local and serum antibodies in mice

Cited by 70 publications

References 24 publications

Inactivated virus vaccines from chemistry to prophylaxis: merits, risks and challenges

Inactivated virus vaccines from chemistry to prophylaxis: merits, risks and challenges

Intranasal Vaccination of Recombinant Adeno-Associated Virus Encoding Receptor-Binding Domain of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (SARS-CoV) Spike Protein Induces Strong Mucosal Immune Responses and Provides Long-Term Protection against SARS-CoV Infection

SARS Vaccine Development

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