Intramural pregnancy after in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer

Successful Conservative Treatment of a Cesarean Scar Pregnancy with Systemically Administered Methotrexate and Subsequent Dilatation and Curettage: A Case Report

“…It may also result from a defect in the endometrium caused by trauma created by procedures in assisted reproduction techniques [10]. …”

Sonographic diagnosis and successful medical management of an intramural ectopic pregnancy

“…4 The etiology of intramural pregnancy is unclear and may result from increased lytic activity of the syncitiotrophoblast and defective decidualization, which allows the conceptus to penetrate the myometrium, or implant in the serosa following external migration 4,5 ; from previous uterine trauma, resulting in a sinus tract within the endometrium (eg, previous dilatation and curettage, caesarean section, or myomectomy 6 ); from implantation on a focus of intramural adenomyosis (microscopic sinus tracts associated with adenomyosis) 1,3 or from a difficult embryo transfer following in vitro fertilization, resulting in the creation of false passage. 5,7 Intramural pregnancy can be complicated by rupture and hemorrhage; thus, early diagnosis is important. The development of a variety of conservative measures has reduced the need for surgical intervention.…”

Ruptured Intramural Pregnancy with Myometrial Invasion Treated Conservatively

“…Up until 2005, there were only 3 cases of intramural pregnancy that have been correctly diagnosed preoperatively by ultrasound [1, 2, 9]. The ultrasound appearance can mimic a degenerating myoma or a pregnancy in a sacculation, in a diverticulum, or in a congenital uterine anomaly [6, 10, 11]. In our case, a separate gestational sac with a positive heart beat fetus was individualized in the myometrium away from the endometrial cavity by ultrasound.…”