Intralocus sexual conflict can resolve the male-female health-survival paradox

Archer, C. Ruth; Recker, Mario; Duffy, Eoin; Hosken, David J.

doi:10.1038/s41467-018-07541-y

Cited by 13 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 32 publications

(37 reference statements)

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“…13 There were more female patients included in the study, which is due to females tend to live longer but are in poorer health than males late-in-life. 14,15 In general, this is probably because the prevalence of osteoporosis is much higher in women than in men and suffers the majority of osteoporotic bone fractures. 16,17 In this study, we also found most patients had their fractures occurring at home, taking approximately three-fifths of the overall fractures.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics of Fall-Related Fractures in Older Adults with Cerebrovascular Disease: A Cross-Sectional Study

Guo

Zhao

et al. 2021

CIA

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Limited information exists on fall-related fractures in older adults with cerebrovascular disease. This study aimed to determine the characteristics of older adults with cerebrovascular disease who sustained fall-related fractures and identify the associated risk factors for perioperative complications. Patients and Methods: This was a cross-sectional study, which included patients with cerebrovascular disease who sustained fractures between Jan. 2017 and Dec. 2019. The collected data included demographics (age and gender), time and place of fracture occurrence, mechanism of injury, fracture location, type of cerebrovascular disease, complications, and comorbidities. Results: A total of 768 patients with 815 fractures were included; there were 253 males and 515 females, with an average age of 78.3 years. For either males or females, 80-84 years was the most commonly involved age group. Most (61.0%) patients had their fractures occurring at home and most fractures (70.7%) occurred during the daytime. Most were hip fractures and limb weakness; instability-related falls were the most common cause of fracture, making a proportion of 34.5%. Patients who suffered falls were mainly combining ischemic cerebrovascular disease. Most (85.9%) patients presented with at least one comorbid disease and the perioperative complication rate was 76.9% in total cases. Age≥80 (OR: 1.772, 95% CI: 1.236-2.540) and the number of comorbidities≥3 (OR: 1.606, 95% CI: 1.035-2.494) were found independently associated with complications, while the type of cerebrovascular disease, fracture location, and comorbidities of prior fragility fracture and respiratory disease were not significantly correlated with complications. Conclusion: Our findings highlighted that more focus on improved physical function explored in intervention setting and the importance of primary home prevention measures seems justified in China and maybe other countries as well. It is the first study that presented the epidemiological characteristics of older adults with cerebrovascular disease who later experienced a fracture.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics of Fall-Related Fractures in Older Adults with Cerebrovascular Disease: A Cross-Sectional Study

Guo

Zhao

et al. 2021

CIA

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“…These factors may be related to differences in genes between men and women. [ 23 ] Low MAP indicates that the body is in a state of insufficient tissue and organ perfusion and hemodynamic instability, which is more likely to lead to a poor prognosis. MAP has previously been associated with organ perfusion and mortality.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The prognostic value of geriatric nutritional risk index in elderly patients with severe community-acquired pneumonia

Wei¹,

Xie

Li³

et al. 2020

Medicine

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The geriatric nutritional risk index (GNRI) is associated with the prognosis of many diseases. However, the association between the GNRI and the prognosis of patients aged ≥65 years with severe community-acquired pneumonia (SCAP) has not been studied. We aimed to evaluate the prognostic value of GNRI in elderly SCAP patients. This study retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 346 patients aged ≥65 years with SCAP from December 2013 to September 2019. Patients were divided into 4 groups by the GNRI. The chi-square test or student's t test was used to compare the differences between the groups. Logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate the factors that affect prognosis. The receiver operating characteristic curve was used to compare the prognostic performance of the GNRI with other indicators. A GNRI-based nomogram was established based on the result of the multivariate analysis. Two hundred nine (60.4%) patients had a poor prognosis. GNRI scores were significantly lower in the poor prognosis group than in the group with a good prognosis. In the multivariate analysis, gender, mean arterial pressure, neutrophil counts, and the GNRI were independently correlated with the prognosis of elderly patients. The GNRI was a significantly better predictor for poor prognosis than other indicators. The GNRI-based nomogram had excellent prediction capabilities. GNRI is a simple and effective prognostic indicator for elderly patients with SCAP, and a GNRI-based nomogram can aid in developing individualized treatment plans for elderly patients with SCAP.

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“…This approach can be extended to include males, to test for sex differences in functional ageing to further our understanding how investment in mating activities alters senescence patterns. This could also reveal whether, in addition to being implicated in interlocus sexual conflict over mating rate, these traits might be targets for intralocus sexual conflict over ageing profiles (Archer, Recker, Duffy, & Hosken, ). Hence, there remains much work to be done on the molecular mechanisms underpinning how this environmental variable (mating activity) can alter senescence in multiple traits and how the different non‐reproductive traits are integrated to contribute to observed ageing phenotypes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exposure to males, but not receipt of sex peptide, accelerates functional ageing in female fruit flies

Bretman

Fricke

2019

Functional Ecology

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Increased exposure to males can affect females negatively, reducing female life span and fitness. These costs could derive from increased mating rate and also harassment by males. Additionally, early investment in reproduction can increase the onset or rate of senescence in reproductive traits. Hence, there is a tight link between reproduction and ageing. Here, we assess how mating and encounter rate with males impacts declines in female functional traits that are not directly involved in reproduction. In Drosophila melanogaster fruit flies, exposure to males and mating reduces female life span through harassment and receipt of seminal proteins, including sex peptide (SP). We manipulated the intensity of female exposure to males and regularly assessed female stress responses and recorded physiological traits over her lifetime. Both mating itself and increased exposure to males accelerate declines in female climbing ability and starvation resistance. However, this is not related to changes in female body mass or fat storage. Moreover, these declines are not driven by the receipt of SP. Our results suggest some synchrony in senescence across traits in response to female exposure to males; however, this is not universal, as we did not find this for physiological traits. Synchrony in senescence has been theorized but little supported in the literature. It is clear that ageing is a multifaceted trait; to understand environmental impacts on ageing rates, we must measure more than life span and indeed measure senescence in multiple traits. Specifically, our work shows that we must identify which female traits are sensitive to elevated mating activity to understand the impact of antagonistic interactions between the sexes on female ageing patterns. A plain language summary is available for this article.

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Intralocus sexual conflict can resolve the male-female health-survival paradox

Cited by 13 publications

References 32 publications

Characteristics of Fall-Related Fractures in Older Adults with Cerebrovascular Disease: A Cross-Sectional Study

Characteristics of Fall-Related Fractures in Older Adults with Cerebrovascular Disease: A Cross-Sectional Study

The prognostic value of geriatric nutritional risk index in elderly patients with severe community-acquired pneumonia

Exposure to males, but not receipt of sex peptide, accelerates functional ageing in female fruit flies

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