Intralesional <i>Mycobacterium w</i> Vaccine Versus Cryotherapy in Treatment of Refractory Extragenital Warts

Dhakar, Ashok K.; Dogra, Sunil; Vinay, Keshavamurthy; Sarangal, Rishu; Kanwar, Amrinder J.; Singh, Mini P.

doi:10.1177/1203475415616962

Cited by 16 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Blister formation is a well‐recognized side effect of cryotherapy as freezing and thawing induces epidermal necrosis with resultant cell oedema and apoptosis 10 . Our rate of this complication was comparable to other studies 8,17 …”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

Efficacy and safety of intralesional tuberculin purified protein derivative versus cryotherapy in the treatment of warts: An assessor‐blinded, randomized controlled trial

Kammal

Jamil

Nor

2021

Dermatologic Therapy

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Cryotherapy is a standard treatment for warts. Tuberculin immunotherapy is a novel therapeutic option. We compared the efficacy and safety of cryotherapy versus tuberculin immunotherapy in a randomized, assessor‐blinded study. 15 patients were treated with intralesional tuberculin and 15 patients received cryotherapy every 2 weeks until complete wart resolution or a maximum of six sessions. Wart diameter, total number of warts and adverse effects were documented. Complete clearance of treated warts was achieved in 13(86.7%) and 11(73.3%) of patients with immunotherapy and cryotherapy respectively. Immunotherapy showed greater wart size reduction (51.88 ± 89.36 mm) than cryotherapy (32.99 ± 36.19 mm), (p = 0.46). Immunotherapy resulted in 64% reduction in total number of warts compared to 23.2% with cryotherapy, p < 0.01. More blisters developed with cryotherapy (46.7%) than immunotherapy (6.7%), (p = 0.01). Compartment syndrome‐like features complicate immunotherapy in 1 patient. Tuberculin immunotherapy and cryotherapy are equally effective in treating warts. Immunotherapy has added benefit with resolution of distant warts. Safety profiles were similar except for blisters which were more common with cryotherapy.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

Efficacy and safety of intralesional tuberculin purified protein derivative versus cryotherapy in the treatment of warts: An assessor‐blinded, randomized controlled trial

Kammal

Jamil

Nor

2021

Dermatologic Therapy

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“…The current destructive therapeutic options for cutaneous warts include cryotherapy, electrocauterization, surgical excision, laser ablation, bleomycin intralesional injection, topical agents, such as 5FU/salicylic acid, more recently, topical treatment cantharidin, podophyllotoxin, and salicylic acid . They have their own limitations, such as suboptimal efficacy, associated adverse effects, and high recurrence rates in extensive warts …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…About immunotherapy, various intralesional antigens that have been used for cutaneous warts including the measles, mumps, rubella (MMR) vaccine, skin test antigens (mumps, candida, trichophyton), Bacillus of Calmette and Guerin (BCG) vaccine, tuberculin, and Mycobacterium w (Mw) vaccine . It is postulated to achieve its result by stimulating a cell‐mediated immune response via recruitment of various immune cells (ie, neutrophils, lymphocytes) and release of cytokines (eg, TNF‐α, IL‐1, IL‐6, IFN‐γ, GM‐CSF).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative clinical study of the efficacy of intralesional MMR vaccine vs intralesional vitamin D injection in treatment of warts

Shaldoum

Hassan

Maadawy

et al. 2020

J of Cosmetic Dermatology

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Background Many therapeutic modalities were reported for the treatment of warts; however, no single treatment is completely effective. Objective To evaluate the efficacy of intralesional injection of MMR vaccine vs vitamin D in treatment of warts. Patients and Methods A total of 60 patients were included in the study divided into two groups. Group A received intralesional MMR vaccine into largest wart, and group B received intralesional vitamin D3 into each lesion with maximum of five warts treated in one session. A maximum of six sessions was done every 3 weeks in both groups. Follow‐up was done for 6 months for any recurrence. Results In group A: complete response in 80%, partial response in 6.67%, minimal response in 6.67%, and no response in 6.67% of patients. About 60% of patients with multiple warts showed complete clearance of distant untreated warts. In group B: complete response in 66.7%, partial response in 6.67%, minimal response in 20%, and no response in 6.67% of patients. There was no significant difference between both groups. No recurrence was observed in both groups in the follow‐up period. Conclusions Immunotherapy by both intralesional MMR vaccine and vitamin D3 is simple, well‐tolerated, effective, and cost‐benefit modalities for the treatment of warts.

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“…Improvement in the Dermatology Life Quality Index was greater in the Mw group. [ 15 ] In a double-blind randomized control trial by Kumar et al . involving 89 patients of genital warts comparing Mw vaccine with 5% imiquimod cream, 67% of patients in the Mw group and 59% in the imiquimod group showed complete resolution.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolving role of immunotherapy in the treatment of refractory warts

Thappa

Chiramel

2016

Indian Dermatol Online J

112

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Cutaneous and genital warts are common dermatological conditions caused by the human papilloma virus (HPV). Although it is a benign condition, it causes disfigurement, has a tendency to koebnerize, and can be transmitted to others. This makes adequate and timely treatment important. There are several conventional treatments available with variable response. Topical and systemic immunotherapy has now found a significant place in the treatment of warts because of its nondestructive action, ease of use, and promising results. Through this review, we would like to present a brief overview of the various immunotherapeutic agents used. These include more established agents such as imiquimod, Mycobacterium w vaccine, bacillus Calmette-Guérin vaccine, measles, mumps, and rubella vaccine, Candida antigen, trichophyton antigen, tuberculin, zinc, cimetidine, levamisole, HPV vaccine, and autoimplantation therapy. Other agents such as contact immunotherapy which is sparsely used now than before and newer agents such as Corynebacterium parvum, sinecatechins, echinacea, propolis, glycyrrizinic acid, and Vitamin D have also been discussed. The mechanism of action of these agents, along with their dosage, mode of administration, duration of use, expected outcomes and comparative efficacy, evidence for their use, and expected side effects, if any, are reviewed.

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Intralesional Mycobacterium w Vaccine Versus Cryotherapy in Treatment of Refractory Extragenital Warts

Abstract: Mw vaccine and cryotherapy are equally efficacious in treatment of refractory extragenital warts. Mw vaccine has an added advantage of clearance of distant warts.

Cited by 16 publications

References 21 publications

Efficacy and safety of intralesional tuberculin purified protein derivative versus cryotherapy in the treatment of warts: An assessor‐blinded, randomized controlled trial

Efficacy and safety of intralesional tuberculin purified protein derivative versus cryotherapy in the treatment of warts: An assessor‐blinded, randomized controlled trial

Comparative clinical study of the efficacy of intralesional MMR vaccine vs intralesional vitamin D injection in treatment of warts

Evolving role of immunotherapy in the treatment of refractory warts

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