Intraindividual stability of cortisol and cortisone and the ratio of cortisol to cortisone in saliva, urine and hair

Hair Cortisol in Twins: Heritability and Genetic Overlap with Psychological Variables and Stress-System Genes

“…In samples with a higher mean age (>30 years), in which intervals of assessment ranged between one month and one year, higher stability measures (r = 0.68−0.86) have been reported 17 , 58 . These findings are in line with the hypothesis of greater changes of HPA axis functioning during childhood and adolescence which are periods marked by dramatic physical, cognitive, social and emotional changes 56 . Unfortunately, no conclusions can be drawn from the present analyses concerning the heritability of the intra-individual change in HCC over time, since the respective subsample was small and lacked sufficient statistical power for this analysis.…”

“…Furthermore, the stability of HCC, as measured in a subgroup over a two-year period, is relatively low (r = 0.32). These stability measures are comparable to those found in students aged 17–21 years assessed at three time points over one year (r = 0.25–0.39) 56 and to those found in children aged 1, 3, 5, and 8 years, in whom HCC was assessed over periods of two and three years (r = 0.30–0.44) 57 . In samples with a higher mean age (>30 years), in which intervals of assessment ranged between one month and one year, higher stability measures (r = 0.68−0.86) have been reported 17 , 58 .…”

Salivary cortisone and cortisol following synacthen, a future replacement for serum cortisol? Commentary to: Use of Salivary Cortisol and cortisone in the high and low dose synacthen test.

“…Salivary cortisol on the other hand was below the limit of assay detection in 16% of individuals with low serum cortisol, in line with previous findings of De Bono et al . This reflects the rapid salivary conversion of cortisol to cortisone by 11β hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2 (11βHSD2), highly expressed in the salivary gland …”

“…Salivary cortisol on the other hand was below the limit of assay detection in 16% of individuals with low serum cortisol, in line with previous findings of De Bono et al 2 This reflects the rapid salivary conversion of cortisol to cortisone by 11β hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2 (11βHSD2), highly expressed in the salivary gland. 3 Salivary cortisol measurement has long demonstrated utility for unstressed sampling in the evaluation of hypercortisolism. 4 However, until recently, the performance of salivary cortisol or cortisone remained relatively underevaluated in the settings of This is potentially important in the setting of oestrogen replacement or the oral contraceptive pill.…”

Analysis of cortisol in dog hair - a potential biomarker of chronic stress: a review

“…Generally, cortisol concentrations are assessed by sampling blood plasma or serum (Haverbeke et al 2008;Giannetto et al 2014), saliva (Kobelt et al 2003;Giannetto et al 2014), urine (Zhang et al 2017), faeces (Accorsi et al 2008;Salaberger et al 2016) and milk (Grey et al 2013).…”