Intrahippocampal Effects of Nickel Injection on the Affective and Cognitive Response in Wistar Rat: Potential Role of Oxidative Stress

Depression in Sub-Saharan Africa

“… BEHAVIOURAL TEST SSA COUNTRIES WITH PROVEN CAPACITY REFERENCES Forced swim test Algeria, Cameroon, Egypt, Ethiopia, Ghana, Libya, Morocco, Nigeria, South Africa ( Ngoupaye et al, 2013 , Hailu and Engidawork, 2014 ; El zahaf, N. A. and Elhwuegi, A. S, 2014 ); ( Fekadu, 2014 ); ( Merzoug et al, 2014 ); ( Ngoupaye, 2014a , Ngoupaye, 2014b ); ( Kukuia, 2015 ); ( Bikomo et al, 2017 ); ( El Brouzi et al, 2020 ); ( El-Marasy et al, 2021 ) Tail suspension test Cameroon, Ghana, Egypt, Ethiopia, Morocco, Nigeria, South Africa ( Hailu and Engidawork 2014 ; Ngoupaye, 2014b ; Kukuia et al, 2015 ; Akinpelu et al, 2017 ; Ben-Azu et al, 2018 ; Amaghnouje et al, 2020 ; Amin et al, 2020 ) Sucrose consumption preference test Algeria, Cameroon, Ghana, Nigeria, South Africa, ( Biney, 2016 , Dallé et al, 2017 ) Open field test Algeria, Cameroon, Democratic Republic of Congo, Egypt, Ethiopia, Ghana, Libya, Morocco, Nigeria, South Africa, Tanzania, Tunisia, Zimbabwe ( Manning-SayI and Leonard, 1989 , Sherif and Oreland, 1995 , Pedersen, 2008 , Okoli, 2010 , Ngoupaye et al, 2013 , Hailu and Engidawork, 2014 Merzoug et al, 2014 ; Mesfin et al, 2014 ; Ngoupaye, 2014b ; Amoateng et al, 2017 ; Bikomo et al, 2017 ; Omotoso et al, 2018 ; Miguel et al, 2019 ; Amin et al, 2020 ; El Brouzi et al, 2020 ; S...…”

Mechanistic considerations and biomarkers level in nickel-induced neurodegenerative diseases: An updated systematic review

“… Experiment/Treatment Animal model/Cell line Result Mechanism Reference 1 Ability of NiO NPs (125, 250, and 500 mg/kg) to cause biochemical alterations post-acute oral exposure Female Wistar rats Significant inhibition of brain AChE LPO and oxidative stress Dumala et al (2018) 2 Effects of short-term Ni-administration (13 mg/kg for 1 week) Adult male rat whole brain A statistically significant decrease in the rat brain TAS and an increase in AChE activity. Inhibition of Na(+), K(+)-ATPase activity in rat brain Liapi et al (2011) 3 Evaluation of affective and cognitive behaviours, after direct and unique exposure to NiCl 2 (300 μM) Male Wistar rats Memory and spatial learning disorders, affective and cognitive disorders, and oxidative stress in rats Increased levels of NO and LPO, while CAT and SOD activities significantly decreased in the hippocampus El Brouzi et al (2021) 4 Neurotoxicity induced by different concentrations of NiCl2 (0.125, 0.25, 0.5, and 1 mm) for 12 hr or 0.5 mm NiCl2 for various periods (0, 3, 6, 12, and 24 hr) Cultured cortical neurons and mouse neuroblastoma cell lines (neuro2a) Increased ROS production and loss of cell viability both in cortisal neurons and neuro2a cell lines Reduced ATP production and decreased mtDNA content Xu et al (2010b) 5 Alteration of oxidative stress and affective and cognitive behaviour after NiCl 2 (0.25, 0.5 and 1 mg/Kg) chronic administration for 8 weeks Male and female rats Increased anxiety-like and depression-like behaviour, and spatial learning and memory significantly impaired only in males at 1 mg/kg of Ni Alteration in synaptic transmission and disruption in neurotransmitters. CAT and SOD significantly decreased, while NO and LPO in the hippocampus significantly increased Lamtai et al (2018) 6 Comparison between the effects of NiO and NiO NPs in brain at doses of 10, 25, and 50 mg/kg intraperitoneally for 8 days on oxidative stress biomarkers Rat brain Increased levels of MDA, GST and CAT enzymes and decreased GSH and TAC in both NiO and NiO NPs exposed groups Alteration of oxidative stress biomarkers Marzban et al (2020) 7 Ultrastructural changes to neurons in hippocampus, striatum and cortex of the brain after NiCl 2 tr...…”

“…Specifically, nickel increases the hippocampal level of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) (markers of LPO), and decrease SOD and CAT activities which may culminate in increased anxiety-like and depression-like behaviour in rats ( Lamtai et al, 2020 ). This last study performed histopathological analyses of CA3 pyramidal neurons observing neuronal loss, cellular disorganization, and shrinkage in nickel treated rats of both genders compared to their normal controls ( Lamtai et al, 2020 , El Brouzi et al, 2021 ) demonstrated that intracerebral injection of NiCl 2 at the right hippocampus of the male Wistar rat causes anxiety and depression disorders and lead to cognitive impairment, and again the mechanism was the increase in LPO and NO levels accompanied by a significant decrease in SOD and CAT activities in the hippocampus. In addition, Ni 2+ exposure can inhibit and stimulate release of dopamine and also inhibit glutamate NMDA (N-methyl- D -aspartate) receptors ( Martínez-Martínez et al, 2020 ).…”

Curcuma Longa Methanolic Extract and Losartan Improves Memory Impairment and Oxidative Stress induced by a High Caloric Diet in Wistar Rats

“…% of Spontaneous alternation = [(Number of alternations)/ (Total arms entries-2)] × 100 (El-Brouzi et al, 2021;Zghari et al, 2023b).…”