Intrahepatic duct dilatation in type 4 choledochal malformation: pressure-related, postoperative resolution

Increasing occurrence of choledochal malformations in children: a single-center 37-year experience from Finland

“…Postoperative complications, including cholangitis, stone formation, bowel obstruction, and malignancies, occur clearly less often among pediatric patients than those operated in the adult age [5,14,16]. Persisting intrahepatic biliary duct dilatation is associated with a greater risk of complications [16,17]. Our results compare favorably with earlier reports, where complication rates of 9-20% have been reported [2,3,9,16].…”

Choledochal Cysts: Presentation, Clinical Differentiation, and Management

“…13 Other pathophysiologic mechanistic hypotheses for CC include a weak bile duct wall, sustained increased intrabiliary pressure, inadequate autonomic innervations, sphincter of Oddi dysfunction, and distal obstruction of the CBD. 5,20,21 …”

Understanding choledochal malformation

“…The only other common variant (type 4) is either of the foregoing extrahepatic dilatation with significant intrahepatic biliary dilatation—sometimes this is because of actual obstruction but in others may appear as an intrinsic feature. In this type following surgical correction of the extrahepatic component, the intrahepatic ducts typically return to normal dimensions within a year of corrective surgery 5. Of the remaining variants, types 2 and 3 are rarely seen in children.…”