Intragranular defects and Abrikosov–Josephson vortices in Bi-2223 bulk superconductors

Magnetic relaxation in (Bi, Pb)-2223 superconducting ceramics doped with α-Al2O3 nanoparticles

“…All measurements were made at the 77 K. Table II lists the values of the decay rate of the normalized remanent magnetization obtained using Eq. (3). The comparison between these values allows a quantitative analysis of the behavior of the samples.…”

“…In the specialized literature, three types of vortices are reported within type II superconductors [1]: Abrikosov's (A), Josephson's (J) and Abrikosov-Josephson's (AJ) vortices [2]. Such vortices emerge in different regions of the material that, in a proper approximation, coincide with the three levels of superconductivity that exist inside these materials: Josephson junctions, cluster or planar defects and crystallites or regions free of defects [3]. It is, therefore, interesting to study how the magnetic flux that penetrates different regions of superconducting ceramics relaxes over time.…”

Some effects of the doping with alpha - Al_2O_3 nanoparticles in the transport properties of Bi_1.65 Pb_0.35 Sr_2Ca_2 Cu_3O_y ceramic superconductors

“…Ghattas et al [3] In this paper [11][12][13] done in other type of Bi-based ceramic superconductor. For that reason, the Ghattas and co-authors work [3] was the most important paper for support and compare our results.…”