Intraductal biliary polypectomy performed with a nasogastroscope

Graft‐versus‐host disease‐like reactions in the gastrointestinal tract in a patient with SARS‐CoV‐2 infection

“…[1][2][3] Consequently, we diagnosed the gastrointestinal impairment cause as an acute GVHD-like reaction, which may have occurred from cytokine-storm-related events caused by coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). 4 Intravenous corticosteroid administration (1 mg/kg/day) was initiated, leading to partial improvement of diarrhea. Infliximab (5 mg/kg), which is used for the steroid-refractory GVHD treatment, 5 was added, leading to remarkable diarrhea improvement.…”

“…From a pathogenetic perspective, COVID-19 mimics acute GVHD, characterized by the cytokine storm and hyperactivation of the immune response. 4 To date, there have been no reports focusing on COVID-19-related gastrointestinal impairments that present as a GVHD-like reaction. This case demonstrated novel endoscopic and histological findings in the gastrointestinal tract, similar to those of patients with GVHD, which improved remarkably after therapy with infliximab and corticosteroid.…”

Endoscopic mucosal resection for intraductal growing‐type intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma under direct peroral cholangioscopy

“…Endoscopic snare polypectomy for benign polypoid bile duct masses such as pyogenic granulomas or neurofibromas, although rare, has been described in the literature . Two reports described choledochal polyp resection using a snare under standard enfacement with a conventional side‐viewing duodenoscope using a retrieval balloon to move the mass to the outer side of the sphincterotomy site.…”

“…polypoid bile duct masses such as pyogenic granulomas or neurofibromas, although rare, has been described in the literature. [3][4][5][6] Two reports 4,5 described choledochal polyp resection using a snare under standard enfacement with a conventional side-viewing duodenoscope using a retrieval balloon to move the mass to the outer side of the sphincterotomy site. Another report 3 has described common bile duct polyp removal using snare polypectomy through a wide stoma of side-to-side choledochoduodenostomy using a forward-viewing endoscope.…”

Digital cholangioscopy‐guided cold snare resection of an inflammatory intraductal pseudopolyp

“…Histopathological evaluation revealed a diagnosis of an inflammatory pseudopolyp with a focus of intestinal metaplasia, after which clinical follow‐up was planned. To our knowledge, only two other similar cases have been published to date, showing identical clinical features 3,4 . Due to the limited evidence available, the neoplastic potential of these metaplastic intraductal lesions remains unclear, complicating selection of the most optimal surveillance strategy.…”